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Europe Plunges Into War

Europe Plunges Into War. Section 2. Learning Targets. I can identify the participants and alliances that existed in World War One I can evaluate the human cost of World War One. Armies March. Armies Mobilize. Russia moves troops to it’s borders with Austria and Germany

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Europe Plunges Into War

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  1. Europe Plunges Into War Section 2

  2. Learning Targets • I can identify the participants and alliances that existed in World War One • I can evaluate the human cost of World War One

  3. Armies March

  4. Armies Mobilize • Russia moves troops to it’s borders with Austria and Germany • Germany declares war on Russia, moves quickly and attacks France • Great Britain declares war on Germany

  5. Two Sides • By August of 1914 there are two sides at war in Europe. • By the end of the war 32 nations will have participated in the war on one side or another.

  6. Central Powers • Germany • Austria Hungary • Italy (thru 1915) • Ottoman Empire • Bulgaria (1915)

  7. Allied Powers • Britain • France • Russia • Japan • Italy (1915) • United States (1917)

  8. Bloody Stalemate • Western Front – heavy battle zone in Northern France • Schlieffen Plan – German plan to quickly defeat France and then turn against Russia. • Germans quickly advance on Paris reaching the outskirts. • Forced to retreat after First Battle of the Marne • Plan fails, Germany has to fight two-front war

  9. Schlieffen Plan

  10. Trench Warfare • Conflict descends into trench warfare – armies fighting from trenches. • Battle leads to slaughter on both sides, little gain from fighting. • Life in trenches is miserable, difficult, unsanitary • Massive Losses in battles of Verdun and Somme

  11. Battle of Verdun (Losses) • 377,000 French • 337,000 German

  12. First Battle of the Somme • Allied and German troops sustained about 600,000 casualties each. The battle is renowned for the first use, by the British, of the modern tank.

  13. Second Battle of the Somme • 200,000 British casualties and loss of 190,000 prisoners to the Germans, and about 180,000 German casualties

  14. Eastern Front • Eastern Front – site of main fighting along the German and Russian border. • Russians push into Austria and Germany, but soon forced to retreat.

  15. Russia Struggles • Russia is suffering by 1916, many casualties, few supplies. • Huge army keeps Russia in the fight. • Prevents Germany from sending troops to Western Front.

  16. Quiz (Section 2) • Get out a blank sheet of paper • Put your name, date, and class period in the TOP RIGHT CORNER. • Write SECTION 3 QUIZ at the top center of your paper • Number 1 – 5 • You are simply writing the letter of answers

  17. Question 1 • In what year did World War One start? • A) 1901 • B) 1906 • C) 1912 • D) 1914

  18. Question 2 • Which of the following were on the “Allied Powers” side? • A) Japan • B) Germany • C) Mongolia • D) Egypt

  19. Question 3 • What was the purpose of the German Schlieffen Plan? • A) To exterminate the Jewish race • B) To exterminate the Serbian race • C) To invade Poland quickly with overwhelming force • D) To invade France quickly with overwhelming force

  20. Question 4 • At the first battle of the Somme, approximately how many troops on each side were killed? • A) 600,000 each • B) 60,000 each • C) 6,000 each • D) 6,000,000 each

  21. Question 5 • Who was fighting on the Eastern Front? • A) Russia and France • B) Russia and Germany • C) Russia and Poland • D) Russia and Serbia

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