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Technologies of Sex

Technologies of Sex. Women Inventors & Innovators in Sex Shigeko Makise. Sex Technology. Pleasure between Men & Women *Men-find pleasure in the briefest encounter *Women – take longer to find pleasure. Mythology.

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Technologies of Sex

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  1. Technologies of Sex Women Inventors & Innovators in Sex Shigeko Makise

  2. Sex Technology • Pleasure between Men & Women *Men-find pleasure in the briefest encounter *Women – take longer to find pleasure

  3. Mythology • Hina – Polynesian goddess – the first male is created for the sexual pleasure of the Hina. • Hera – Greek goddess- sexuality • Juno – Italian goddess-reproductive and marriage • Cinxia – Italian goddess-the first undressing of the bride by the bridegroom

  4. Self-Pleasure Technology Self-stimulation is found among the people of nearly every race (Havelock Ellis) • Self-pleasure – imitating the penis & reproducing heterosexual intercourse • Dildo-artificial instruments of auto-erotism • Greek women-buying dildos from cobblers(3rd century) • Milesian(Ireland)-leather dildos • France – velvet, glass(17th century)

  5. Fertility-promoters Three traditional fertility plant • Pomegranate – used to induce fertility • Moghat – hot beverage of postpartum • Ginseng – produce estrus

  6. Fertility-Promoters Estrogen-functioning primary female sex hormone • Summer wheat • Beans • Star grass – preventing miscarriage • Arsesmart – recommended in amenorrhea

  7. Menstrual technology Menstrual blood • once a month for thirty years • Inventions and innovations-affect half women’s life. • May originally have been caught for religious purpose-rite, sabbath • Used for hunting and trapping • Used as a potent fertilizer (in early horticulture)

  8. Menstrual TechnologyAncient women’s inventions • Native American women-tampons out of soft moss • Mediterranean - small sponges • Alor women – dry porous banana bark • Ancient Japanese – 8-12 paper tampons a day • Indonesian – tampons from vegetable fiber • African & Australian – bandages of grass or vegetable fiber • Egyptian – rolls of soft papyrus • Women of Guam – coconut husks wrapped with cloth

  9. Takeover • Imitation-Men’s menstruation The subincision rite-primitive Australia, New Guinea, Philippines & Africa (men’s menstruation) ↓ Take control-to redefine as shameful and unclean • Western culture-did not take over menstrual technology until 20th century ↓ A source of women’s pride & strength to something shameful and hidden

  10. Women’s contribution 19th century • Emma H. Carpenter (Springfield, VT) - Catamenial sack or bandage(1892) • Elizabeth Higgins (Boston, MA)-Dress-protectors(1862) • Mary G. Porter (Charlestown, MA)-Ladies’ safety belt(1870) • Maria P. Dibble & Frances Carter-bandage(1842 & 1847)

  11. Menstrual receiversPad & belts • Johnson & Johnson *Disposable sanitary napkin(1896)-failed to sell → couldn’t be advertised • Kimberly-Clerk *Kotex pads(1920)→took 4 years to persuade the Ladies’ Home Journal to accept its ads

  12. Menstrual receivers technology20th century: Pads & belts • Jennie L. Bornstein (Dayton, OH)-Sanitary support(1912) • Elfreda J. Corbin (Minneapolis, MN)-Napkin(1915) • Ida M. Argo (Dallas, TX)-Catamenial appliance(1910) • June Haughton-Sanitary devices(1913) • Anna Brand (Chicago)-Napkin holder(1924) • Aniela Majewski (Chicago)-Sanitary pad holder

  13. Menstrual receivers technology20th century: Pads & belts • Beatrice Kenner (Washington, DC)-Sanitary belt(1956) • Anne M. Landy & Neola Seidler (Philadelphia, PA)-”fluid-impervious” layer and rim(1956) • Carolyn R. Mobley (Appleton, WI)-a Tab construction for a sanitary napkin(1971) • Eleanor J. Fendler (Appleton, WI)-Microfibrous pad(1983) • Pamela F. Baum (Neenah, WI)-Disposal napkin • Billie J. Matthews (Winnebago, WI)-Adhesive panty-liner napkin(1980-1986) • Barbara Oakley – Three-dimensional sanitary napkin

  14. Menstrual receivers technology20th century: Tampons Tampax appeared in 1933….. • Alicia Bay Laurel – cutting cellulose kitchen sponge • Doris Moehrle – “Nature’s Answer” tampon=Reusable tampon(1978) • Dr. Judith Esser-Mittog – ob tampon=without pad • Virginia A. Olson – Tampon applicator(1970) & wrapper(1972) • Virginia A. Corrigan – Coating tampon(1971) • Patricia J. McKelvey – Super-absorbent material(1977) • Lin-Sun Woon – Folded tampon pledget(1982) • Billie J. Matthews – Fusible portions(1981) • Dawn M. Huffman – Finger grip(1986)

  15. Tampax patent(1933)

  16. Menstrual receivers technologyMenstrual cups • Leona Chalmers – developed a rubber menstrual cup(1950) • Barbara Waldron – created disposable version of the cup(1968)

  17. Menstrual extraction • Developed by the women of the Los Angeles Self-Help Clinic in 1971 • Cut the menstrual period from 5 days to 5 minutes • Carol Downer, Lorraine Rothman associated with menstrual extraction

  18. Remedies for menstrual pain and difficulties Every culture had herbs, teas, massage techniques • Emmenagogues – aloes, angelica, arsesmart, water pepper, black cohosh, blue chohos, castor bean leaves, celery, • Pre-menstrual tension – camomile, spearmint, lavender, catnip, kola nuts, celery seeds,

  19. Remedies for Dysmenorrhea • Painful menstruation or cramps -black cohosh, blue flag, camomile, cotton root, elecampane, wild ginger, sweetbalm, • Excessive flow – yarrow, red sage, red raspberry, black haw, white oak bark, cinnamon • North American Indians -blue cohosh root tea • Native American/Russian -amaranth, shepherd’s purse, birth root, life root, nettle

  20. Remedies for menstrual pain and difficulties • Dr. Penny Wise Budoff- Pioneered the use of prostaglandins for menstrual disorders • Tamara Dejneka- A method for inhibiting prostaglandin dehydrogenase(1979) • Dr. Katharina Dalton-treated PMS(1948) • Dr. Michelle Harrison-advocated dietary treatment for PMS • Dr. Marcia Storch-prevented the resulting headaches • Dr. Susan Lark-developed a diet-and-exercise treatment

  21. Pregnancy and Childbirth TechnologyPregnancy care • Anti-morning sickness -Alfalfa, blue flag, colombo room, lavender, cloves knot grass • Prevent miscarriage -Blue cohosh, star grass

  22. Pregnancy and childbirth technologyBirth care Birth should be painful • Tlingit women of Alaska-given birth while sleeping • Easier childbirth- squatting, the birth stool or chair, knees-to-chin, • Massage-important technology • Primitive women apply heat and massage to the perineum to ease pain and promoting relaxation

  23. Birth care • Heat-primitive cultures exploited the relaxing effects of heat • Modoc Indian-birthing women were given large quantities of warm water to drink & heated stones were placed on their abdomen • Mexican & Filipino-smoke bath • Kwakiut – applied hot seaweed to the mother’s stomach & lower back

  24. Mechanical aids • Southwestern North American-kneeling on a sandpile and grabbing a rope • Southeast Asian, Brazil, Bolivia & other parts of South America-clinging to a rope hanging from the ceiling and holding her knees tight to her chin • Birth chair-ancient Europe, the Egyptians, the Greeks-until recently in Turkey, Greece and Sisly

  25. Aftercare: postpartum remedies and technology Care of the newborn • Primitive women arranged for the infant to drop below the birth chair or squatting to the ground • Cutting cord • Some primitive groups-leave the vernix caseosa (white substance found coating skin of newborn) • Most groups – cleaning & washing

  26. Recovery care of the mother • Primitive women-return to normal activity soon ↓ • Massage, exercise and bathing, abdominal binding, herbal treatment, special diet, heat treatments

  27. Antiquity – 18th CenturyContribution from Western Culture • Octavia – a wonderful salve to soothe the pains childbirth • Trotula (1097)- wrote Passionibus mulierum curandorum (“Diseases of women”) • Louyse Bourgeois(1563-1638)-studied midwifery, became known for her skill • Justina Dittrichin Siegmundin(1648-1705)-pioneered the technique of puncturing the amniotic sac to stop hemorrhaging. • Angelique du Coudray(1712-89)-invention of the anatomical in teaching gynecology and obstetrics. • Marie Louise Duges Lachapelle(1769-1821)-innovations in patient care and midwives’ training

  28. 19th CenturyContribution • Marie-Anne Victorine Boivin(1773-1847)-invented vaginal speculum • Mme Rondet(b.1800)-invented and perfected a resuscitation tube for infants born “in a state of asphyxia.” • Eliza L. Moore- patented accouchement couch(1873)

  29. 20th CenturyContribution • Dr. Roberta A, Ballard(1940-) -developed a national consensus for the management of infantile apnea • Dr. Hilda H. Kroeger -helped design “an efficient labor and delivery-room suite”

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