1 / 25

Concepts in Public Health: A Case Study of Diarrhea

Concepts in Public Health: A Case Study of Diarrhea. Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, INDIA. Dr Baridalyne N, Dr Kapil Yadav, Dr Palnivel C Prof. Chandrakant S Pandav . Babita, Age – 2 years. The Story……………. . Baby girl aged 2 yrs

babu
Download Presentation

Concepts in Public Health: A Case Study of Diarrhea

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Concepts in Public Health: A Case Study of Diarrhea Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, INDIA Dr Baridalyne N, Dr Kapil Yadav, Dr Palnivel C Prof. Chandrakant S Pandav

  2. Babita, Age – 2 years

  3. The Story……………. • Baby girl aged 2 yrs • Large family -5 siblings • Diarrhea & Dehydration • Grandmother told not to feed child during diarrhea • No health facility in village • Couldn’t go in the night –had to look after other children & drunken husband • Mother walks to nearby hospital-10 kms away! • Unfortunately the girl child dies

  4. Causes of death among children under five years of age in India Source- WHO- India: Mortality Country Fact Sheet 2006

  5. Burden of Diarrheal Diseases in India • 9.1% of all deaths below 6 years¹ • 158,209 diarrheal deaths per year¹ • 2 week prevalence- 12.2% in children < 3 years² • 10.5 episodes per child per year ³ 1- National Commission on Macroeconomics and Health, 2005. 2- National Family Health Survey 3 (2005-06) 3- Bhattacharya SK, 2003. NMJI, 16 (S 2): 15-19.

  6. What were the factors that led to Babita’s death?

  7. What were the factors that led to Babita’s death? Many siblings No family support No transport Poor hygiene Lack of care No medical facility Wrong Cultural beliefs & practices Diarrhea Dehydration Malnutrition Female child < 2 yrs old Illiteracy Poverty

  8. Web of Causation

  9. No family support Wrong Cultural beliefs And practices Many siblings Lack of care Female child Poor hygiene No transport Diarrhea Dehydration No medical facility Malnutrition Low socio economic status Illiteracy

  10. Was the death preventable? YES

  11. No family support Wrong Cultural Beliefs & practices Many siblings Lack of care Female child Poor hygiene No transport Diarrhea Dehydration No medical facility Malnutrition Poverty Illiteracy

  12. No family support Wrong Cultural Beliefs & practices Many siblings Lack of care Female child Poor hygiene Diarrhea Dehydration Malnutrition No medical facility Poverty Illiteracy THROUGH THE HEALTH SYSTEM THROUGH THE HEALTH SYSTEM

  13. No family support Faulty advice Many siblings Lack of care No medical facility Poor hygiene No transport Diarrhea Dehydration Malnutrition No medical facility Illiteracy Poverty OUTSIDE THE HEALTH SYSTEM

  14. Concepts of disease causation • Traditional Bio-medical concept • Disease caused due to the presence of causative agents • Basis in Germ theory of disease • Socio- Epidemiological Concept • Causative agents alone may/may not be sufficient for disease occurrence • Social factors important in the disease causation & progression • Politico- Developmental Concept • Comprehensive approach, puts health in the context of various politico- developmental situations • Effects of government policies & outfalls of development on disease occurrence, • Stems from the multi-factorial causation of disease

  15. Traditional Bio-Medical Concept VIBRIO CHOLERA E. COLI (Entero Pathogenic) SHIGELLA E. COLI (Entero Toxigenic) DIARRHEAL DISEASES CRYPTO-SPORIDIUM ROTA VIRUS CAMPYLOBACTER SALMONELLA

  16. Socio- Epidemiological Concept & ILLITERACY

  17. Politico- Developmental Concept & ILLITERACY

  18. Public health trains you to have a “Holistic Approach” to Health and Disease

  19. Clinical Vs Public Health In Public Health – Good work means no epidemics

  20. Axioms of Public Health • Prevention is better than cure • Best should not be the enemy of good • Good for many rather than best for few • Primary health care is NOT primitive care

  21. Bhore Committee • “The physician of tomorrow, • who will naturally be concerned • with the promotion of the new era of social medicine- • will be scientist and social worker, • ready to cooperate in team work,, • in close touch with the people he serves, • a friend and leader, • he directs all his efforts towards the prevention of disease, and • becomes a therapist where prevention has broken down, • the social physician, • Protecting the people, and • Guiding them to a healthier and happier life”. • BHORE COMMITTEE REPORT (1946) • Health Survey & Development Committee , Government of India

  22. Critical appraisal Thank You

More Related