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Chemical Reactions

Chemical Reactions. Predicting Products and Balancing Equations. I. Synthesis (Composition) Reactions. A) Liquid hydrogen plus liquid oxygen yields gaseous water plus a lot of energy. H 2(l) + O 2(l) --> H 2 O (g) reactants yield products

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Chemical Reactions

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  1. Chemical Reactions Predicting Products and Balancing Equations

  2. I. Synthesis (Composition) Reactions A) Liquid hydrogen plus liquid oxygen yields gaseous water plus a lot of energy. H2(l) + O2(l) --> H2O (g) reactants yield products 2H2(l) + O2(l) --> 2H2O (g) Coefficients are used to balance equations.

  3. B. All these type reactions take the general form A + B --> AB Two or more elements yielding a single compound. C. Fe(s) + O2 (g) --> FeO2 (s) Iron plus oxygen yields iron IV oxide (rust).

  4. II. Decomposition Reactions All take the general form A B ---> A + B 2KClO3(s) -->2KCl(s) + O2(g This reaction was one of the first reactions used to make pure oxygen. Salt producing ions in water is another example. 2NaCl(s) -->2Na(aq) + Cl2(aq)

  5. A. These take the form of + +- +- + A + BC -> AC + B Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) ---> ZnCl2S) + H2(g) This is one of the reactions we used in the lab to make hydrogen. B. They may also take the form - +- +- - C + AD --> AC + D F2(g) + 2 KI(s) ----> 2KF(s) + I2(g) III. Single Replacement Reactions

  6. IV. Double Replacement Reactions Take the general form + - + - + - + - AB + CD --> AD + CB HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) --> acid base NaCl(s) + HOH(l) salt water Neutralization rxn (also how soap is made)

  7. V. Combustion Reaction Take the general form of CxHy + O2 --> CO2 + H2O (excess) CxHy + O2 --> CO+ H2O (limited) Any hydrocarbon when burned produces carbon dioxide and water (gasoline and natural gas are other examples)

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