Introduction to the Session 6 - Theme 4 – on “Water Resources Management and Governance”

1. Introduction to the Session 6 - Theme 4 – on “Water Resources Management and Governance”

2. EnvironmentalSustainability Economic Equity Management Instruments • Assessment • Information • Allocation Instruments EnablingEnvironment • Policies • Legislation InstitutionalFramework • Central - Local • River Basin • Public - Private Balance “water for livelihood” and “water as a resource” The Concept of Integrated Water Resources Management Integrated Water Resources Management implies three main elements:

3. Cross-sectoral integration • Enabling environment • Institutions • Management tools Water for people Water for food Water for nature Water for other uses • IWRM: • A cross-sectoral approach

4. Implementation frameworks • For IWRM Framework for water governance Framework for water infrastructure development Framework for water and sanitation service delivery Framework for water efficiency improvements

5. Africa’s high dependence on natural resources makes people vulnerable to environmental change Where are water resources most at risk? Addressing vulnerability: “Vulnerability of Water Resources to Environmental Change in Africa” Aim: Managing vulnerability risks at transboundary, national and local, river/lake/groundwater basin and catchment levels Action: Assessment of effects of environmental and human driven changes on water resources Impact: Management and long-term conservation of ecosystems – Strategy and policy development - Awareness creation… Background

6. Why we need vulnerability assessments • People already live on the threshold • Ecosystems are at high risk For whom it is important Government, Policy and decision-makers and affected communities... Where are water resources most at risk? We don‘t know yet Vulnerability is multifaceted: Climate variability; Pollution; Population growth; Competition over water; Data availability and quality; Knowledge gaps…

7. Seeks to maintain a balance between competing pressures • Resource integrity in the long-term • Social upliftment and advancement • Economic growth and use of environmental resources The river, lake, groundwater basin approach • Basin approach supposes: • Balances resource protection and utilization • Considers all components hydrological cycle • Incorporates IWRM principles • (equity / efficiency / sustainability)

8. Key parameters and indicators

9. Cluster Indicator Water Availability Climate Ecosystems Surface Water Groundwater Demography Economy Legislation Institutional Knowledge • Physiography • Socio-Economy • Management Water Scarcity Water Use Key parameters and indicators

10. Key issues, adaptation and mitigation

11. Northern Africa Nile River Basin Nubian Groundwater Basin

12. Vulnerable: high aridity, low water availability, high poverty and moderate management Nile River and Nubian Groundwater Basins

13. Western Africa Senegal and Niger River Basins

14. High aridity, low water availability, water scarcity Vulnerable: high poverty, delayed sector reform, very low adaptive capacity Senegal and Niger River Basins

15. Southern Africa Zambezi and Orange River Basins

16. High aridity, low water availability, water scarcity Vulnerable: inadequate access, management and poverty Zambezi and Orange River Basins

17. Key Issues

19.   Water Scarcity    Water resources are at risk and water stress is expected to increase…