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第四章距离测量

D=30m. B. A. 0.3m. D ´. B ´. 第四章距离测量. 8 、 用花杆目估定线时,在距离为 30 米处花杆中心偏离直线方向为 0.30 米,由此产生的量距误差为多大? 解:量距误差 9 、 上题中,若用 30 米钢尺量距时,钢尺两端高差为 0.30 米,问由此产生多大的量距误差? 解:同上题, 0.0015m. 11 、用某台测距仪测得某边的斜距 S AB = 895.760m ,测距时量的气压 p = 123.989kPa ,温度 t = 15℃ ,竖直角 α = 25  30  20  ,该仪器的气象改正公式为

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第四章距离测量

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  1. D=30m B A 0.3m D´ B´ 第四章距离测量 • 8、用花杆目估定线时,在距离为30米处花杆中心偏离直线方向为0.30米,由此产生的量距误差为多大? • 解:量距误差 • 9、 上题中,若用30米钢尺量距时,钢尺两端高差为0.30米,问由此产生多大的量距误差? • 解:同上题,0.0015m

  2. 11、用某台测距仪测得某边的斜距SAB=895.760m,测距时量的气压p=123.989kPa,温度t=15℃ ,竖直角α=253020,该仪器的气象改正公式为 Ka={281.8- }×10-6 加常数c=+4mm,乘常数b=+2×10-6,求平距DAB 。 解:1)气象改正数: D1= Ka SAB={281.8- }×0.89576 =22.9mm 2)加常数改正: D2= c = +4mm

  3. 3)乘常数改正: D3= b ×SAB=+2 ×0.89576=+1.79mm 4)改正后斜距: S´=S+ D1 +D2 +D3 =895.760+0.0229+0.0040+0.0018=895.7887 5)水平距离: DAB= S´ ×cos=895.7887 ×cos 253020= 808.4883 m

  4. 12. 不考虑子午线收敛角的影响,计算表4—7中的空白部分。 表4-2 方位角和象限角的换算

  5.  AC = 11016 A C 13. 已知A点的磁偏角为-515,过A点真子午线与中央子午线的收敛角=+2,直线AC的坐标方位角AC = 11016,求AC的真方位角与磁方位角,且绘图说明之。 解:A=AC+  =110 16  +(+2  )= 110 18  Am=A-  =A -(-  )= 110 18 +5 15=115 33 N X Nm

  6. 14. 地面上甲乙两地东西方向相距3000米,甲地纬度为4428,乙地纬度为4532,求甲乙两地的子午线收敛角(设地球半径为6371km,取 =3438)。 解:  =  s tan /R=3438  ×3×tan 45/ 6371=1.619 15、已知AC = 65,2=210 10 ,3= 16520,试求2-3边的正坐标方位角及3-4边的反坐标方位角。 解:23= 12 + 2-180  =65  +210 10 -180 =95 10 43= 23 + 3-180 +180 = 95 10 + 16520=260 30

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