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Starter Kit The Vocabulary of Art page xxvi through xxxi. Art History focuses on the visual arts- Painting, drawing, sculpture, graphic arts, photography, decorative arts, and architecture. Understanding the vocabulary is indispensable-
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Starter Kit The Vocabulary of Art page xxvi through xxxi
Art History focuses on the visual arts- Painting, drawing, sculpture, graphic arts, photography, decorative arts, and architecture.
Understanding the vocabulary is indispensable- you will encounter these words again and again in reading, writing and talking about art.
Form When art historians use the term formal, they mean “relating to form.” Form=line, shape, color, texture, space mass, volume and composition
Line – is a form, usually drawn or painted. A line can be actual or implied
Shape– is a two dimensional or flat area - can be geometric, biomorphic (organic), closed or open.
Colorconsists of HUE, VALUE and SATURATION. Hue is what we think of when we say color, and the two words are interchangeable. Value is the degree of lightnessor darkness of a color. Saturation (intensity) refers to a quality of brightness or dullness.
The three primary colors (hues) are red, green and blue. ALL other hues are made from these three hues.
Texture is related to touch, and is described by words such as smooth, polished, rough, grainy or oily. • Texture can be • the actual surface of the art work, or • the illusionistic surface of the object that the work represents.
Space is what contains objects. It may be actual, as in sculpture or architecture, or illusionistic as in a painting when an artist represents distance on a wall or a canvas.
Linear Perspective is used for representing recession in space.
Mass and Volume are properties of three-dimensional objects. Mass is matter that takes up space. Volume is enclosed or defined space and may be solid or hollow. Mass and volume can both be represented illusionistically.
Composition is the organization, or arrangement, of form (forms) in an art work.
Content includes subject matter, which is what a work of art represents. What the art work is all about. All works of art, even those without recognizable subject matter, have contentor meaning.
Style is the combination of form and composition that makes a work distinctive.
Stylistic analysis is one of art history’s most developed practices because it is how art historiansrecognize a particular artist or time in history when an art work was done.
Period Style- common traits in art and architecture from a particular time period.
Regional Style – refers to the stylistic traits that come from a geographic region.
Representational style-create recognizable subject matter. Realism and Naturalism are representational styles.
Abstract Styles– depart from realism to capture the essence of a form.
Linear – describes the style and technique. The line is the primary means of definition. Brush strokes are so soft they are barely visible.
Painterly– a style of painting where you can see the vigorous brush strokes and shadows and highlights are brushed in freely.
Sculpture in which complex surfaces emphasize moving light and shade are called “painterly sculpture.”
Medium– (or mediums) are the material from which an art work is made. Two-dimensional mediums include painting, drawing, prints and photography. Three dimensional mediums include sculpture, architecture and some decorative arts.
Painting – pigments mixed with a liquid vehicle or binder. Fresco
Graphic Arts – lines and strokes applied to a two dimensional surface, usually paper. It is most often a drawing or a print.
Photography – (literally “light writing”) optical images rendered on light sensitive surfaces (paper or film).
Sculpture – three dimensional art that is carved, modeled, cast or assembled.
Ephemeral arts– in a constant state of change or must be replayed to be experienced again. Examples: processionals, performance art, earthworks, cinema.
