Imperialism and America

1. Stimpson U.S. History Imperialism and America

2. Isolationism • Having little to do with other nations • First 75 years in US • Involved in trade but not politics

3. Japan • Refused to trade with Westerners • U.S. sent CMDR. Matthew Perry • July 1853 • 4 Warships into Tokyo Bay • Letter to Japanese Officials • Asked to open trade • Will come back on one year

5. Japan cont. • February 1854 • 7 warships into Tokyo Bay • Signed Treaty of Kanagawa • Agreed to help shipwrecked sailors • Opened 2 ports to trade

6. ExpansionismAlaska • 1867 • Russia offered to sell for 7.2 million, 2 cents/acre • William Seward, Secretary of State agreed • “Sewards folly” • Barren, icy land • 1896 gold is discovered • 1959 becomes 49th state • 1968 oil is discovered

7. Imperialism • Policy of powerful countries that seek to control economic and political affairs of a weaker country of region. • 1870-1914: Age of Imperialism • Causes: • 1. Wanted raw materials from Africa and Asia • 2. Wanted people in these areas to buy American made goods • 3. Duty to spread religion and culture to “backward” people • 4. Competition $$$$$

8. Hawaii • Mid 1800’s • Many large American sugar plantations • Cheap labor • Workers from Asian countries • 1900, ¼ of people in Hawaii were born in Japan • 1887 • Powerful planters forced King Kalakaua to accept new constitution. • Reduced king’s power and increased planter’s power

9. 1891 • King dies • Sister Lilioukalani takes over • Rejects new constitution • 1893 • Planters rebel against Queen Lil • Queen asks for Marines • Marines help rebels instead • Queen gives up throne; planters set up a republic • 1898 US annexes Hawaii • 1900 US territory • 1959- 50th state

10. Latin America • 1895 • Revolt in Cuba • Led by Jose Marti- Father of the country • Had been a Spanish colony

11. Cuba Cont. • 1898 • US sent battleship Maine to Havana • To protect American citizens and property • February 15 • Explosion rips through the ship • Kills 260 of 350 sailors • Probably an accident • Becomes rallying cry “Remember the Maine!” , for war

12. Spanish American War • April 25 • President Mckinley declares war on Spain • Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders • Calvary division • Charge up San Juan Hill • August 12 • Agree to stop fighting • 379 Americans dead from fighting • 5,000 dead from other causes • Yellow fever/ malaria • 4 months long

13. Peace at last….. • December 1898 • Peace treaty signed in Paris • Spain gave up Cuba and it won freedom • Not Truly independent • US got Puerto Rico and Guam • US paid $20 Million for Philippines • Fought for own independence • US finally won in 1902 • Given independence in 1946

14. Panama Canal • Panama was part of Columbia • Wouldn’t sell to the US • US would support rebels wanting freedom • Nov 2, 1903 • US warship Nashville sailed into Colon, Panama • Nov 3, 1903 • People of Panama rebelled and declared independence • US recognized the new country and got permission to build canal

15. Building the canal • Tropical heat, lots of rain, plenty of swamps • Biggest problem…… • Mosquito • Carried yellow fever and malaria • Killed 40,000 workers • Drained swamps and killed mosquito eggs • 1914 first steamship sailed through canal

18. Monroe Doctrine and Roosevelt Corollary • 1904 • US had a right to preserve law and order in Latin America • Latin America Strongly resented interference in their affairs