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MIGRATION OF LABOUR IN MALAYSIA

MIGRATION OF LABOUR IN MALAYSIA. PRESENTED BY: TUAN HAJI MD SABRI BIN HAJI KARMANI DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL LABOUR DEPARTMENT, PENISULAR MALAYSIA. INTRODUCTION.

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MIGRATION OF LABOUR IN MALAYSIA

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  1. MIGRATION OF LABOUR IN MALAYSIA PRESENTED BY: TUAN HAJI MD SABRI BIN HAJI KARMANI DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL LABOUR DEPARTMENT, PENISULAR MALAYSIA

  2. INTRODUCTION • Definition of Migration : It refers to directed, regular, or systematic movement of a group of objects, organisms, or people • Migration of Labour : Cross-border movement for purposes of employment. Migration involves the (more or less) permanent movement of individuals or groups across symbolic or political boundaries into new residential areas and communities. • Classification of Migrations: Internal or international and as voluntary or forced. • Migration in Islam : called as ‘Hijrah’ is the migration of the and his followers to the city of Medina. Hijrah can also signify striking off on a new path that allows one to become a better person. A person who has committed acts considered sinful might make the Hijrah to a life free of sin. Thus the Hijrah can be either a physical or spiritual migration.

  3. HISTORICAL VIEW ON GLOBAL MIGRATION • Historical migration of human populations begins with the movement of Homo erectus out of Africa across Eurasia about a million years ago. Homo sapiens appear to have occupied all of Africa about 150,000 years ago, moved out of Africa 70,000 years ago, and had spread across Australia, Asia, and Europe by 40,000 years BCE. • Migration to the Americas took place 20,000 to 15,000 years ago, and by 2,000 years ago, most of the Pacific Islands were colonized. Almost 60 million European crossed the Atlantic in the period 1846-1940 to settle in the America.

  4. MIGRATION IN MALAYSIA • Historical background of Labour Force - DasarPecahdanPerintah during British colonization: a) Malay-agricultures b)Chinese-mining c) Indian-estate • Industrial revolution era in Malaysia took place over agriculture in 1960 through New Economic Policy Types of migration a)Internal-urban-urban, urban-rural, rural-urban, rural-rural b)inter state c) International • Migration of Malaysians to foreign countries - 785,000 (2010) • Migration of foreign workers to our country - 1.8 million (2010)

  5. REASONS FOR MIGRATION • Voluntary • Economic-country’s wealth, broader empire, rural-urban, less developed state t0 developed state • Political-stability in Malaysia • Social-similar culture like Indonesia • Demography • They have relatives in the migrant country • Forced • British, Portugese and German colonization during 15th centuries • Life pressure • Political instability • Wages very low • Less job

  6. Number and percentage distribution of population aged 1 year and over by migration status, Malaysia, 2007 (Source : Department of Statistics) STATISTICS ON MIGRANTS

  7. Number and percentage distribution of population aged 1 year and over by migration status, Malaysia, 2007 (Source : Department of Statistics)

  8. Labour Force Participation rates of internal migrants and non-migrants by migration direction (stratum) and sex, Malaysia, 2007 (Source : Department of Statistics)

  9. Percentage distribution of employed internal migrants and non-migrants by employment status, Malaysia, 2007, (Source : Department of Statistics)

  10. Labour force participation rates of internal migrants and non-migrants by age group and sex, Malaysia, 2007

  11. Percentage distribution of employed internal migrants and non-migrants by industry, Malaysia, 2007(Source : Department of Statistics)

  12. Percentage distribution of employed internal migrants and non-migrants by occupations, Malaysia, 2007 (Source : Department of Statistics)

  13. STATISTICS OF FOREIGN WORKER IN MALAYSIA Statistics PLKS by Citizenship and Sector, Feb 2010 (Source: Immigration Department)

  14. ISSUES ON FOREIGN WORKERS IN MALAYSIA • Number of FW is growing-1.6 million in 2005 to 1.8 million in 2010. • Why is this happening? • Attitude of local workers-High turnover, 3D type of job • Malaysia is more towards labour intensive rather than mechanisation due to lack of technology innovation and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policies • Recruitment of FW is a source of income for outsourcing company • Education in Malaysia is towards academic not skill- Our society still consider vocational student is a second class worker • Wages not attractive in the source countries • Mindset of employers- FW is a cheap labour

  15. RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION • 10 years prediction on number of FW -Data from union is needed • Change to mechanisation in plantation and construction sector • Cooperation from all parties to create a dynamic, committed, knowledgeable and competitive worker to face globalisation era. Have to change their mindset • Rebranding of post title – For example: driver to machine handler

  16. THANK YOU

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