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The Thirty Years’ War

The Thirty Years’ War. AP European History Unit 2/Ch. 15 – Statebuilding in the 17 th Century Ms. Tully - UHS. An “Age of Crisis”. Yearning for order  Increased gov’t power “Little Ice Age”  Vulnerability in villages Economic recession in most of Europe .

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The Thirty Years’ War

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  1. The Thirty Years’ War AP European History Unit 2/Ch. 15 – Statebuilding in the 17th Century Ms. Tully - UHS

  2. An “Age of Crisis” • Yearning for order  Increased gov’t power • “Little Ice Age”  Vulnerability in villages • Economic recession in most of Europe

  3. Background to the Thirty Years’ War • Militant Catholicism vs. Militant Calvinism & Bourbons vs. Habsburgs • Peace of Augsburg (1555)  Did not account for Calvinism • Formation of Protestant Union (1608) • Formation of Catholic League (1609) • Habsburg consolidation resisted by princes

  4. The Bohemian Phase (1618-1625) • Bohemia traditionally resisted Catholicism • Habsburg Archduke Ferdinand elected king in 1617 • Defenestration of Prague – May 1618 • Ferdinand deposed, replaced with Elector Frederick V • Ferdinand (HRE) allied with Duke Maximilian of Bavaria • Battle of White Mountain, Nov. 8, 1620 • Ferdinand reestablished as King of Bohemia, now a hereditary Habsburg possession

  5. Danish Phase (1625-1629) • Intervention of King Christian IV of Denmark • Albrecht of Wallestein – appointed by HRE Ferdinand to lead Catholic/Imperial army • Denmark defeated by Catholic League in 1626 • Edict of Restitution, 1629

  6. Swedish Phase (1630-1635) • Arrival of Swedish king GustavusAdolphus • Battle of Lutzen, 1632 • Battle of Nordlingen, 1634 • Edict of Restitution annulled

  7. Franco-Swedish Phase (1635-1648) • Religious issue losing significance • Battle of Rocroi, 1643 • Not decisive overall victory

  8. Outcomes of the War • 1648 – Peace of Westphalia ended war • Clearly separation between religion & politics • Beginning of modern international order • Many areas of Germany devastated • Part of “military revolution”

  9. Classwork Read The Face of War in the Seventeenth Century on p. 453 & respond to the prompt. This will go straight into the Classwork section of your portfolio.

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