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Today

Today. Key Terms Internet Navigation Technologies Web Languages Web Development Tools Web Authoring Tools Web Graphic Tools Web Programming Tools Tool Selection Principle Summary References. Web Terminology: World Wide Web (WWW or W3).

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Today

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  1. Today • Key Terms • Internet Navigation Technologies • Web Languages • Web Development Tools • Web Authoring Tools • Web Graphic Tools • Web Programming Tools • Tool Selection Principle • Summary • References

  2. Web Terminology: World Wide Web (WWW or W3) • WWW is often confused with the Internet. It is the another usage of the Internet. It is on the Internet and linked together through the use of links, or connections, in documents. • The largest body of computerized data in the world. • Any computer, any operating system an use it • Anybody can do it • Global, Interactive, Dynamic, Cross-platform, Distributed, Graphical hypertext information system that runs over the Internet.

  3. World Wide Web (WWW or W3) • Global, • . Wherever you want, whatever you need • Interactive, • . Nature of the Web! Links and forms… • . Create forms and get the best feedbacks • Dynamic, • . Keeps growing… • . People can update information at any time • Cross-platform, • . Can easily access anytime, anywhere, and anyway

  4. World Wide Web (WWW or W3) • Distributed, • . Information takes up an awful a lot space; • but it can be distributed thousands of different sites… • Graphical, • . Fonts, styles, layouts, graphics and text together on the same screen with the interface easily navigable; jump from link to link • Hypertext Information System • . If you don’t know where you’re going go with hypermedia links!

  5. Web Terminology: Web Sites A URL is commonly associated with a Web Site. www.bilkent.edu.tr is the URL for Bilkent University’s Web site. Most commonly, these sites are located in directories of folders on the server. Then within this main site, there may be several folders, which house other sections of the Web site. For example www.bilkent.edu.tr/staff is the URL for Bilkent University’s staff section.

  6. Web Terminology: Web Pages When you visit a Web site, you look at pages on the site that contain all the text, graphics, sound, and video content. Even though a Web page isn’t the same size as format as a printed page! The word “page” is used to help us differentiate between pages, folders, and sites. Just as many pages and chapters can be within a single book, many pages and folders can also be within a Web site. www.bilkent.edu.tr/staff/index.html is the URL for home (entry-splash) page of Bilkent University’s staff section.

  7. Web Terminology: Web Browser • A Web browser is a piece of software that runs on your personal computer and enables you to view Web Pages • They interpret the HTML code and provide a visual layout displayed on the screen. Many browsers can also be used to check e-mail. • Popular Browsers: MS Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator • Each company updates its browsers regularly and you can download from the company’s Web site. • The importance of Testing: Most browsers can be easily customized by users. User can change the preferred text size for Web pages, as well as fonts and colors. • .::The success of your Web pages is to test, test, test::.

  8. Web Terminology: Web Server Every Web site and Web page needs a Web server. It is a computer running special software that enables it to host one or more Web sites. It is always connected to the Internet. I’d like to visit www.bilkent.edu.tr Please. No problem. I have the files right here. Web Server Web browser

  9. A Hint about a Server I need to install a new Web server. We need to buy a new server. Server: It can be a computer or software!...

  10. Web Terminology: HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol The Web server “talks” with the Web browser through a process, or protocol, called Hyper Text Transfer Protocol. The server uses a system of Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) references to determine exactly how to display the content through HTTP. Web server MIME They are Talking! Grammer Instructor! Web browser

  11. Commonly Used Web Servers • Apache (httpd.apache.org) – since 1996 • Microsoft offers many different types (www.microsoft.com/server), but the most popular Web server is Internet Information Server (IIS) • Sun and Netscape has produced iPlanet, which boasts the third most popular Web servers (www.iplanet.com/products/). • Finding a Web Server for Your Site • Personal Site Hosting: geocities.yahoo.com, hometown.aol.com, • www.tripod.com, www.angelfire.com, communities.msn.com, • wwwx.nbci.com/mywebsite • Business Site Hosting:www.hostinvetigator.com, www.hostsearch.com, • Webservices.cnet.comhtmlaislesWeb_Hosting.asp

  12. INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES • First Generation • FTP • File Transfer Protocol • Allows users to • List files • Transfer files • Does not allow users to • Run applications on a remote computer • Read files on a remote computer • Viable method for file transfer and Web publishing

  13. INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES • Second Generation • Gopher • Developed at University of Minnesota (1991) • Text-based interface • Organizes and displays files on Internet servers • Presents contents as a hierarchically structured list of files • Many Gopher databases are being converted to Web sites for easy access

  14. INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES • Third Generation • HTTP • HyperText Transfer Protocol • Transfers files from Web server to browser • Works with HTML to display text, graphics and sound • HTML can only deliver information in a static presentation without interactivity • Calculation • Pay bill • Manage bank accounts are not possible!

  15. NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES • DHTML • Combination of HTML and scripting languages • Enables Web pages to react to user input • Reservations • Registrations • Shopping HTML JavaScriptVBScript DHTML + =

  16. NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES • WAP • Wireless Application Protocol • Wireless Web Browsing and Business transcation (Personal digital assistant-PDA and cell phone) • Languages used to develop WAP applications • XML – Extensible Markup Language • Allows communications across multiple platforms • WML – Wireless Markup Language • Subset of XML

  17. WEB LANGUAGES • HTML • Hypertext Markup Language • Defines structure and layout of Web document by using tags and attributes • View HTML source on your browser • Click View / Page Source • <tag> </tag> • <HTML> • <HEAD> • <TITLE> </TITLE> • </HEAD> • <BODY> • ..... • </BODY> • </HTML>

  18. WEB LANGUAGES • XHTML • Newer version of HTML recommended by W3C • Combines HTML and XML • DHTML • Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language • Transforms Web pages from static to interactive • Allows scripting languages to be embedded into HTML files • Enables a Web page to react to user input without sending requests to the Web server • <script language = javascript> • </script>

  19. WEB LANGUAGES • XML • Extensible Markup Language • Similar to HTML • Allows Web data and content to be processed with very little human intervention • Consists of rules: • tags to describe data • separate data from presentation layout • transform data into Web forms • <?xml version = ‘1.0’?> • <?xml:stylesheet type =“text/xsl” href = “menu.xsl”?> • <breakfast menu> • <food> • <name>waffles</name><price>$3.95</price> • </food> .....

  20. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS • Three categories: • Web Authoring Tools • Web Graphics Tools • Web Programming Languages

  21. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Web Authoring Tools • Features • Design • Production • Management • Examples • Adobe GoLive • Macromedia Dreamweaver • Microsoft FrontPage

  22. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Web Graphics Tools • Features • Manipulate images • Transparency controls • Variety of graphics styles and effects • Examples • Macromedia Flash • Adobe Photoshop • Jasc Paint Shop Pro • http://www.adobe.com/products • http://www.jasc.com • http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/ • http://www.techsmith.com/products/camtasia/download.asp

  23. WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Web Programming Tools Features • Develop dynamic, interactive, data-driven Web applications • Examples • Visual Basic • VBScript • Visual C++ • C# • CGI (Common Gateway Interface) • ASP / JSP(Active/Java Server Pages) • CFML (ColdFusion Markup Language) • Java • JavaScript

  24. TOOL SELECTION PRINCIPLES • Buy Low • Identify free-download Web servers • Free-download development tools • Trial versions, freeware, shareware • Sell High • Develop advanced Internet/Web skills • Sell those skills on the job market

  25. CONVERTING TO WEB PAGES • Word • File / Save as Web Page • Excel • File / Save as Web Page • PowerPoint • File / Save as Web Page

  26. SUMMARY • Described the past and present of the Internet and World Wide Web • Identified emerging technologies • Discussed Web development tools • Learned how to make appropriate tool choices • Converted Office documents into Web pages

  27. REFERENCES • “A Brief History of the Internet” • http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml • “ FNC Resolution: Definition of ‘Internet’”. • http://www.itrd.gov • Learned how to make appropriate tool choices • http://www.webopedia.com/

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