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Grammar boot camp

Grammar boot camp. Pass in Review: Punctuation (click mouse to proceed). Your Mission:. To Study the Comma To Study the Semicolon To Study the Colon To Study the Dash To Study the Hyphen To Exercise your Writing Muscles

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Grammar boot camp

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  1. Grammar boot camp Pass in Review: Punctuation (click mouse to proceed)

  2. Your Mission: • To Study the Comma • To Study the Semicolon • To Study the Colon • To Study the Dash • To Study the Hyphen • To Exercise your Writing Muscles This presentation is enhanced with “Question and Answer” slides. To access, simply click on the words that are highlighted and underlined.

  3. Comma , • Rule 1: Separate Three or More Elements (words,phrases,clauses) in a Series. • Examples: • I ordered a ring, a necklace, and a scarf. • The dog ran down the stairs,through the living room, and out the door. • He studied his notes,he read his textbook,and he completed his homework assignments.

  4. Comma , • Rule 2: Set Off Most Introductory Elements (transitions, phrases, dependent clauses). • Examples: • Indeed, we all agreed with Tom’s decision. • After four years of intense training,the gymnast was ready to compete internationally. • When Amy finished painting her room,she returned the borrowed ladder.

  5. Comma , • Rule 3: Use Before a Coordinating Conjunction to Join Independent Clauses. • Example: • Larry received an excellent job offer,but he rejected it.

  6. Comma , • Rule 4: Set Off Nonessential Elements (appositives, phrases, clauses). • Examples: • Alice Jones, a waitress, won the contest. • Diane Ortega,living at 2401 Lakeview, placed second. • Philadelphia, which is my hometown,is located in southern Pennsylvania. Hint: An element is nonessential if the meaning of the sentence is not changed when the element is removed.

  7. Comma , • DO NOT Use Commas for Essential Elements • Examples: • All students who complete the assignment will get to go. • Children under five years old enter free. Hint: An element is essential if the meaning of the sentence is changed when the element is removed.

  8. Comma , • Rule 5: Set Off Transitional Words. • Examples: • Many people,consequently, have cell phones. • The team,first of all, must pick a captain. • Curling is a popular sport,nevertheless.

  9. Comma , • Rule 6: To Prevent Misreading. • Examples: • When the lightning struck, James Harvey fainted. • When the lightning struck James, Harvey fainted.

  10. Semicolon ; • Rule 1: Join Independent Clauses Not Joined by a Comma and Coordinating Conjunction. • Example: • The children enjoyed the circus; they liked the clown act most of all.

  11. Semicolon ; • Rule 2: Use Before a Conjunctive Adverb to Join Two Independent Clauses. • Example: • Jessica likes to play the piano; however, she prefers to play the violin. NOTE: A comma follows the conjunctive adverb.

  12. Semicolon ; • Rule 3: Use Before a Coordinating Conjunction to Join Two Independent Clauses Only When the Clauses Have Internal Commas. • Example: • Ray can travel by bus, car or plane;but,he would rather travel by plane. NOTE: A comma follows the coordinating conjunction.

  13. Semicolon ; • Rule 4: Separate Items in a Series When the Items Have Internal Commas. • Example: • I talked to James, my friend; Sarah, his sister;and Sam, Sarah’s son.

  14. colon : • Rule 1: Introduce a List. • Example: • Bring the following: forks, knives, and spoons.

  15. colon : • Rule 2: Introduce a Second Main Clause Which Explains the First. • Example: • Her excuse is valid: she does not have transportation.

  16. colon : • Rule 3: Emphasize a Following Appositive. • Example: • He had only one motive: love.

  17. Dash -- • Rule 1: Set Off a Parenthetical Element. • Example: • He told her—believe it or not—to leave.

  18. Dash -- • Rule 2: Emphasize an Appositive. • Example: • English, history, and science—all are required.

  19. Hyphen - • Rule 1: Join Compound Words Functioning as a Single Unit. • Example: • May I introduce my mother-in-law? • Donny has a better-late-than-never disposition. NOTE: The hyphen is shorter than the dash.

  20. Hyphen - • Rule 2: Join Fractions and Compound Numbers from 21 to 99. • Example: • He gave me two-thirds of his pay check. • Nathan is twenty-one years old today.

  21. Hyphen - • Rule 3: Use with Prefixes Ex- and Self-. • Example: • Mr. McCaslin is the ex-president of the company. • Self-denial builds character.

  22. Exercise Your Muscles Add the missing punctuation marks to the following sentences: • Doris went to work but Janis stayed home. • Three guiding principles direct his life faith hope and love. • They were equally fond of swimming dancing and riding. • The host was generous he served caviar and champagne.

  23. Answer key: Add the missing punctuation marks to the following sentences: • Doris went to work, but Janis stayed home. • Three guiding principles direct his life: faith,hope, and love. • They were equally fond of swimming, dancing, and riding. • The host was generous; he served caviar and champagne.

  24. Congratulations! You have successfully completed Pass in Review: Punctuation of Grammar Boot Camp. Sign up for other sessions of Grammar Boot Camp at the Stone Writing Center’s Website: http://www.delmar.edu/engl/wrtctr .

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