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Getting (slightly) technical – an introduction to linking

Getting (slightly) technical – an introduction to linking. Ross MacIntyre Mimas Service Manager The University of Manchester. A mixed bag of jargon. The basics of the web Linking DIY DOI & CrossRef OpenURL Open Archives Initiative – ‘e-prints’ Usage statistics ‘Link up’?.

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Getting (slightly) technical – an introduction to linking

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  1. Getting (slightly) technical – an introduction to linking Ross MacIntyre Mimas Service Manager The University of Manchester UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  2. A mixed bag of jargon • The basics of the web • Linking • DIY • DOI & CrossRef • OpenURL • Open Archives Initiative – ‘e-prints’ • Usage statistics • ‘Link up’? UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  3. Data Format HTML Addressing URL How does the Web work? (currently) 3 simple protocols: Data FormatsHTML (HyperText Markup Language) provides the data format for native documents AddressingURLs (Uniform Resource Locator) provides an addressing mechanism for web resources TransportHTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) defines transfer of resources between client and server Transport HTTP Brian Kelly, Web-Focus, UKOLN UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  4. How does the Web work? The Netsofthome page 1 User clicks on link to the address =URLhttp://www.netsoft.com/hello.html 2 Browser converts link to HTTP command (METHOD): Connect to computer at www.netsoft.com GET /hello.html 3 Remote computer sends file Welcome to Netsoft <HTML> <TITLE>Welcome</TITLE>.. <P>Welcome to <B>Netsoft</B> Web server Web Browser 4 Local computer displays HTML file UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  5. UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  6. URL-based Linking Mechanisms • Static = explicit filename http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue44/petrie-weisen/intro.html • Predictable = derived, e.g. ISSN http://www.jstor.ac.uk/journals/10624783.html • Parameterised = script, e.g. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1062-4783%28199223%2926%3A3%3C%3AFM%3E2.0.CO%3B2-O http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-toc3&issn=1540-9295&volume=003&issue=09 UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  7. Linking Mechanisms • The Digital Object Identifier (DOI): • A unique identifier assigned to a digital object. • A way of accessing an object (e.g. a full text article) without having to know its URL - the DOI identifies the object itself, not the place where it is stored. • Persistent - as long as the object exists, so does the DOI. UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  8. DOI: Dumb Old Identifier “Dumb” number - doesn’t relate to the object, couldn’t be guessed - like a phone number. 10.1000/1A3X-56BZ9 Prefix - given to the rights owner e.g. the publisher Suffix - any unique alphanumeric string <DIR>.<REG>/<DSS> e.g. 10.1074/jbc.M004545200 10.1136/bmj.38324.646574.AE UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  9. DOI link URL to Publisher DOI Metadata CrossRef/DOI resolution References DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/57.1.95 UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  10. OpenURL (ANSI/NISO Z39.88) Pat Harris, Executive Director of NISO: "One message we hear is that the new business model will be enabled by information technology with standards at the core. This is where NISO fits in. …over five hundred years ago Guttenberg fundamentally changed communication and learning. Today NISO's challenge is to create those standards that will enable the modern day Gothenburg Moment. Could it be the OpenURL?" UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  11. OpenURL format ::=Base URL?Query Base-URL = web address of the link resolver i.e. the address to which the OpenURL is being sent http://LinkFinderPlus.library.ed/?genre=article&issn=1234-5678&volume=12&issue=3&spage=1&epage=8 &date=1998&aulast=Smith&aufirst=Paul Query = the metadata that the link resolver uses to identify and link to appropriate targets Aka ‘Context Object’ UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  12. The “Context_Object” contains… Version control, character encodings, timestamp, etc. Administrative Referent Item being referenced. E.G. bibliographic reference in full text article. “User” making the request Service creating the link. E.G. where the user found the reference. Requester Referrer The item which contains the reference. E.G. the article in which the bibliographic reference was found. ReferringEntity Resolver ServiceType The target of the link. E.G. the link server of the user’s institution The desired services from the Resolver. E.G. Full text, ILL, Abstract, etc. Oliver Pesch EBSCO UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  13. OpenURL v1.0 http://123.456.7.8:4550/resserv? &url_ver = Z39.88-2004 &url_ctx_fmt = info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx &rft_val_fmt = info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal &rft.atitle = Reference+intervals+for+serum+creatine+kinase+in+athletes &rft.auinit = V &rft.aulast = Mougios &rft.date = 2007 &rft.epage = 678 &rft.genre = article &rft.issn = 0306-3674 &rft.issue = 10 &rft.spage = 674 &rft.stitle = BRIT+J+SPORT+MED &rft.title = BRITISH+JOURNAL+OF+SPORTS+MEDICINE &rft.volume = 41 &rft_id = info:doi/10.1136%2Fbjsm.2006.034041 &rfr_id = info:sid/www.isinet.com:WoK:UA UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  14. Link Source Link Destination “NOU” linking * NOU – non OpenURL . Resource Resource Link Provision of Links Resolution of Links Oren Beit-Arie, ExLibris UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  15. Link Link Link Link Link Source Link Destination Link Destination Link Destination Service Component Link Destination OpenURL linking Context Sensitive . Resource Resolver/Link Server Resource OpenURL Appropriate Hook Router Provision of Hooks Resolution into Links Oren Beit-Arie, ExLibris UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  16. OpenURL in action UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  17. UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  18. Getting technical All sorted then? Pig courtesy of Tom Bishop, Royal College of Surgeons UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  19. UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  20. UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  21. UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  22. The Open Archives Initiative • 1999 Universal Preprint Service (UPS) • Multi-disciplinary collection of technical reports, conference papers, articles, e-print servers, etc. • Services provided on “harvested metadata” • Data Providers / Service Providers • Not ‘Cross-Searching’ • OAI is only about metadata – not full text • OAI is neutral about nature of metadata and the resources described UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  23. OAI - Protocol for Metadata Harvesting • Simple mechanism for sharing metadata records • Records shared over the web (ie HTTP as XML) • ‘Client’ can ask metadata server for • all records • all records modified in last ‘n’ days • info about sets, formats, etc. • Specific application: self-archiving via e-print servers in/for all institutions • JISC project - http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/ UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  24. Consistent, Credible & Compatible Usage Statistics • Code of Practice for: • Data elements to be measured • Definitions of these data elements • Output report formats/delivery/frequency/granularity • Methods for measurement and use • AAP, ALPSP, ARL, ASA, EDItEUR, JISC, NCLIS, NISO, PA, STM, UKSG UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  25. ~ 240 member organisations • Code of Practice Journals & Databases • Release 3 August 2008 • 100 vendors/products compliant (in part) • Auditing standards & procedures • SUSHI (Standardised Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative) • Code of Practice eBooks & eReference • Published March 2006 • 10 vendors/products compliant (in part) JR1 = Number of Successful Full-Text Article Requestsby Month and Journal JR1a = Number of Successful Full-Text Article Requestsby Month and Journalfor a Journal Archive JR2 = Turnawaysby Month and Journal JR3 = Number of Successful Item Requests and Turnawaysby Month, Journal and Page Type JR4 = Total Searches Runby Month and Service JR5=Number of Successful Full-Text Article Requestsby Year of Publication and Journal DB1 = Total Searches and Sessionsby Month and Database DB2 = Turnawaysby Month and Database DB3 = Total Searches and Sessionsby Month and Service UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  26. Link Up? Acknowledgement: Greg Raschke and Suzanne Weiner (netConnect) The Library Journal -- 7/15/2004 UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  27. Electronic Resouces Management - ERM • Basic ERM Data Elements • Descriptive: Title fields, holdings, publisher, and ISSN • Licensing: Authorized users, archiving rights, and cancellation allowances • Financial: Price and inflation rate • Administrative & Support: Administrative password and vendor contact information. • Access: Authorization method and local access URI • Usage or Evaluative: Number of full-text article downloads and number of searches • Products from:Dynix, EBSCO, ExLibris, Harrassowitz, Innovative Interfaces, Serials Solutions, SIRSI, VTLS, … UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

  28. Thanks! Robin Sloan’s 2015: Googlezon and the Newsmasters EPIC’ http://www.albinoblacksheep.com/flash/epic email: ross.macintyre@manchester.ac.uk web: http://www.mimas.ac.uk/ UKSG Conference Breakout Session A2 Torquay March 2009

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