8th Association Information Management Conference Grenoble, France,- 21/23 May, 2003

1. Perception of e-administration versus ICT attitude/aptitudeA statistical exploratory studyDiego CardonaUNESCO Chair Scholarshiphttp://members.tripod.com/Diego_Cardonad.cardona.m@esade.edu 8th Association Information Management Conference Grenoble, France,- 21/23 May, 2003

2. Table of Content • Introduction • Theoretical Framework • Research Problem • Methodology • Results and Discussion • Data Description • Factor Analysis • Cluster Analysis • Conclusion

3. Motivation Introduction • Colombian engineer, MBA • Consultant in information systems with IADB, OAS, UN for Latin-American governments. • PhD at ESADE, Barcelona, Spain as UNESCO scholarship holder. • “The ICT at the G2C Relation. Comparative Evaluation Between Colombia and a Second Latin American Country of the Electronic Tax Payment Service”.

4. General Data Introduction • Area of 1,139,000 square kilometers • More than 40 million inhabitants (02) • PCI US$2,110 (01) • GDP grew by 8.6%. (90’s) • http://www.dnp.gov.co • HDI 62/162 (01) • http://www.undp.org/hdr2001/ • NRI 59/82 (03) • http://www.weforum.org/site/homepublic.nsf/Content/Global+Competitiveness+Programme%5CReports%5CGlobal+Information+Technology+Report+2002-2003+-+Readiness+for+the+Networked+World#index • GCI 56/80 (02) • http://www.weforum.org/site/homepublic.nsf/Content/Global+Competitiveness+Programme%5CReports%5CGlobal+Competitiveness+Report+2002-2003#GCI%20Rankings • PCI 52/102 (02) • http://www.tilac.org/ipc_2002.htm • e-gov Index 32/198 (02) • http://www.insidepolitics.org/egovt02int.PDF

5. Electronic State Theory • Is related to the ICT application • Creates innovation in the internal and external relations of the government with: • Other governmental agencies • Their own employees • The business • The citizens • Affects the organization and function of government with regard to: • Access to the information • Services delivery • Dealings accomplishment • Citizen participation • Searches to optimize the use of resources for the accomplishment of the governmental objectives • Its implementation implies the transit by a series of phases, not necessarily consecutives • Is a way, not an aim in itself.

6. e-State Framework e-Government e-Governance e-Administration Theory http://www.unpan.org/e-government/Benchmarking%20E-gov%202001.pdf

7. Behavior Measurements Personal beliefs about outcomes Attitude toward the behavior Relative importance Intention Personal beliefsabout referents Subjective Norm Theory Behavior Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I (1980) Understanding Attitutes and Predicing Social Behavior,, Prentince Hall

8. Problem Statement Problem Identify if there is a statistical relation between the citizen ICT attitude/aptitude and his perception of e-administration.

9. Process Methodology • Measure the active variables • Cross-sectional directed survey in a representative sample (360), selected probabilistically, stratified, by conglomerates with equal selection probability, assuring a maximum sample error of ±3,16, for a confidence level of 95.5% and P=Q. • Confirm the subjacent constructs • Factor Analysis • Generate groups of citizen • Cluster Analysis • Identify the existing relation among constructs • Hypothesis Testing

10. Active Variables Methodology • (PC) Do you have a PC at home? • (Internet) Do you have Internet connection? • (Hours) How many hours a week, on average, are you connected to Internet? • (Pages) How many government Web sites do you know? • (New) As soon as there's something new, regarding ICT, on the market, it must be used • (Use) The services offered in these sites must be used consistently • (Relation) Due to the services offered in these sites your relation with the government has improved • (Service) The services offered in these sites are excellent

11. Illustrative Variables Methodology • (Code) Students code • (Age) Age • (Gender) Gender • (Status) Socioeconomic status • (Center) University where you are studying now • (Area) Education area you are identified with • (Education) Highest finished education level

12. Response Rate 83,9 % 16,1 % Results

13. Multivariate Assumptions Results • Normality • Homoscedasticity • Linearity • Reliability • Enough cases

14. Aptitude PC Internet Results

15. Attitude Results Average internet use; 10 hours/week They know between 4 and 5 Internet government sites

16. Perception Results

17. Demographic Gender Socio-Economical Status Results Average Age 28 years

18. Education Level Area & Center Results

19. Factor Analysis Proclivity Interest Aptitude Attitude Perception Results PC Internet Time New Sites Use Service Relation

20. Cluster Analysis Results 1. (+,+,-) 11,1% People apt to use technology with favorable attitude and with negative e-administration perception 2.(+,-,+) 33,3%People apt to use technology with negative attitude and positive e- administration perception 3. (-,-,-) 13,1% People not apt to use technology with negative attitude and with negative e- administration perception 4. (-,-,+) 14,7% People not apt to use technology with negative attitude but with positive e- administration perception 5. (+,+,+) 13,1% People apt to use technology with favorable attitude and with positive e- administration administration perception 6. (+,-,-) 14,7% People apt to use technology with negative attitude and negative e- administration perception

21. Conclusion Conclusion For the Colombian case, there is a clear statistical relation between the citizen ICT attitude/aptitude and his perception of e-administration. The perception of e-administration is mainly driven by citizen ICT attitude/aptitude.