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Photovoltaics & Solar Panels

Presented to you by: Chin Ming Fwu (2i3’03) Gaw Ban Siang (2i3’06) Kyle Foo (2i3’09). Photovoltaics & Solar Panels. What is photovoltaics? Video =D Scientific explanation Examples… So why it this a better choice? Statistics & Benefits. Agenda.

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Photovoltaics & Solar Panels

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  1. Presented to you by: Chin Ming Fwu (2i3’03) Gaw Ban Siang (2i3’06) Kyle Foo (2i3’09) Photovoltaics& Solar Panels

  2. What is photovoltaics? Video =D Scientific explanation Examples… So why it this a better choice? Statistics & Benefits Agenda

  3. What are photovoltaic cells? How do they actually generate electricity? Introduction

  4. “Green” source of energy Using the sun’s energy to convert into electricity for our own usage. Solar Energy

  5. Converting light directly into electricity • Done at the atomic level Photovoltaics? What? The resulting electric current is then used as electricity.

  6. Many photovoltaic cells are arranged together to form an array, or a “solar panel”. Can be used to generate electricity. The Solar Panel

  7. The Solar Panel

  8. N-type and P-type silicon come into contact. • Free electrons in N-type silicon attracted to the positive ions in the P-type silicon. • At the junction between the free electrons and the positive ions, an electric barrier is formed. • Acts as a diode, allowing electrons to travel from the P-type silicon to the N-type silicon but not N-type to P-type. The Solar Cells

  9. The Solar Cells Electric Barrier

  10. When photons hit the solar cell, electrons will be dislodged and sent from the N-type to the P-type silicon, causing a disruption of electrical neutrality. If there is an external current path such as a wire, the electron will flow from the N-type to the P-type and as such a current is created. The Solar Cells

  11. The Solar Cells Electron Dislodged by photon Current

  12. Let us watch a short video to learn more! Video!! (:

  13. CLICK HERE (: The Video

  14. How is solar energy utilised in our daily lives? Examples of Usage

  15. Can you think of some examples of the usage of solar energy in our society? ^^ Worksheet Activity!

  16. Solar-Powered Cars Technology has allowed us to use solar energy to power up our cars. No need to rely on toxic petrol and natural gases. No carbon emissions, no global warming. Cars & Vehicles

  17. Solar-Powered Toys Solar Panels have also been installed in our toys. Able to move by itself once put under bright sunlight. Better as compared to the traditional toys Safe for environment. Toys & Playthings

  18. Voltaic Backpack Even our backs can absorb energy from the sun. Can be used to charge mobile phones and iPads when they are put into the backpack. Backpacks

  19. Solar-Powered School Schools & buildings usually need the most electricity. Lights, air conditioners and fans are turned on for almost the whole day. Redding, CA Elementary School Schools and Buildings

  20. Solar-Powered Traffic Light Turned on the entire day (everyday) to coordinate traffic. Portland started using such lights, and: … and Even Traffic Lights.

  21. Yes. Even we are using solar energy to our advantage. Hwa Chong Institution

  22. Hwa Chong has a long-lasting tradition • Using lights to brighten up the clock tower every night, throughout the night. • However… • Conventional Electricity does not work out • Pollutes the environment • Costly Here in HCI

  23. Here in HCI

  24. Why should we bother to choose solar energy over conventional forms? Benefits and Advantages

  25. Reduces utility bill by up to 70%. • Money used to buy the system can be recouped in only about 10 years. • Do not require much maintenance. • Can last up to 40 years • Warranty of about 25 years (on avg). • Unlimited supply of solar energy • Hedge against price instability and fluctuation Cost-Wise

  26. Cost of solar energy usage will reach grid parity by Year 2014 (Inglin, 2010) • Cost if solar panel installation going down • Cost of conventional electricity – steady increase • 2010 – $5 per watt peak2014 – $3 per watt peak • (equal to utility bills of conventional electric use) • Price has decreased sevenfold in only 20 years. Cost-Wise

  27. Renewable, clean & abundant in Singapore • Production of solar energy • ZERO carbon emissions • ZERO pollution • Sun’s energy is (theoretically) unlimited • Can be harnessed forever • Unlike fossil fuels, which we are depleting too fast Environmentally-Wise

  28. Only a thin sheet of silicon and other photovoltaic materials. • Put on rooftops like a cover • Not bulky at all. • Unlike the traditionally huge power stations to burn the fossil fuels. • (Only applies to small-scale domestic use) Space-Wise

  29. The cost price – takes about $20,000 to get a photovoltaic cell system. • However… • The price is decreasing steadily due to rapid advancements in technology. • Even now, it can be earned back within 10 years. Disadvantage

  30. Solar Power helps us in many ways: • Cost - Efficient • Space – Saving • Environmentally – Friendly • Use Solar energy! (: Conclusion

  31. Please, please, please visit! Our Website

  32. Our Website(20112i3photovoltaics.wiki.hci.edu.sg) • Contains more in-depth information and examples of solar-energy usage • Japan – Domestic Usage • Googleplex LOOK HERE

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