1 / 16

Approaches to Explaining Atypical Behaviour

Approaches to Explaining Atypical Behaviour. 1. Medical Model. Assumes that atypical behaviour is the result of a physical issue. Behaviour can be treated medically. Explanations for Behaviour. Genes (hereditary) Biomechanical Imbalance ( e.g hormones)

ashton
Download Presentation

Approaches to Explaining Atypical Behaviour

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Approaches to Explaining Atypical Behaviour

  2. 1. Medical Model • Assumes that atypical behaviour is the result of a physical issue. • Behaviour can be treated medically.

  3. Explanations for Behaviour • Genes (hereditary) • Biomechanical Imbalance (e.g hormones) • Neuroanatomy Problems. (Chua et al, 1995)

  4. Evaluation

  5. Medical Therapies • Drugs: anti-depressants, egProzac. They can be used for both depression and eating disorders. Its effectiveness supports the medical model. • The drugs don’t work: Electroconvulsive therapy, weight restoration. • ECT: Comer (2002) found a 60-70% improvement rate, but Sackheim et al (2001) argued that many patients later relapsed.

  6. Cognitive Approach • Cognitive -1. The mental process of knowing, including aspects such as awareness, perception, reasoning, and judgement. • Atypical behaviour is a result of irrational and negative thinking. • Can treat atypical behaviour by teaching the individual to challenge these thoughts and change the way they perceive situations

  7. Beck, 1976. Cognitive Triad

  8. Treatments • Replace negative thoughts with positive thoughts: • Eating disorders: • “I am fat no-one will love me if I am fat” • “I am not perfect but people will love me the way I am”

  9. Evaluation

  10. Behaviourist Approach • Actions a result of experiences in life. • Behaviour is learned – Classical/Operant conditioning. • Focuses on behaviour only not on the mind. • Classical Conditioning – Pavlov’s dogs. Behaviour learned through association. • Operant Conditioning – Skinner’s Box. Behaviour learned through consequences. • Observational learning. Bandura’s Social Learning Theory. We learn behaviour by observing others.

  11. Evaluation

  12. Therapies • Aversion Therapy • Systematic Desensitisation • Modelling Therapy

  13. Psychoanalytic Approach • Freud • Atypical behaviour is psychological not physical. • Caused by: • unresolved psychological conflicts. (id, ego superego) • Repressed childhood experiences • Unconscious motivations

  14. Defence Mechanisms • Behaviour-channelling defences • Identification • Displacement • Sublimation • Primary reality - distorting defences • Repression • Denial • Secondary reality-distorting defences • Projection • Reaction formation • Rationalisation

  15. Therapies • Clinical Interviews • Analysis of symbolism • Task: what do you think the following dreams would say about a person’s personality? • Being attacked • Attacking others • Falling from the sky. • Climbing to the sky/flying. • A train going into a tunnel.

  16. Evaluation

More Related