Post-2015 Development Agenda

Post-2015 Development Agenda Thematic Consultations Webinar April 24, 2013

Post-2015 Development Agenda: Webinar Agenda • Background on the UN Development Agenda • Thematic consultation reports – format and priorities • Overarching messages and priorities from the thematic consultations • Role of civil society and private sector • The next steps

Background on Post-2015 Development Agenda • Centerpiece of process: coordinated Development Agenda • Driven by the UN but broadened to encompass multi-stakeholder engagement, including civil society and the private sector • Mobilizing Effect of the Millennium Development Goals • Set for 2000 to 2015 and • Took off to focus development resources associated with the UN • High-level meeting on MDGs at UN General Assembly (September 2010) • Accelerate progress on MDGs and • Look for ways to advance the development agenda beyond 2015

Multiple Strands of Engagement • UN System Task Team and UN Development Group • Rio+20 Summit on Sustainable Development in June 2012 • High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons • Sustainable Development Solutions Network • Open Working Group

UN System Task Team on the Post-2015 Development Agenda (UNTT) • Over 60 UN entities, agencies and other international organizations • Realizing the Future We Want for All (June 2012) • Human rights, equality and sustainability

Rio+20 Summit Outcomes Doc.: The Future We Want • Green economy in context of sustainable development and poverty eradication • Institutional framework for sustainable development • High-level political forum: universal, intergovernmental and three dimensions • First meeting at beginning of 68th UN GA • Framework for action and follow-up: thematic areas and cross-sectoral issues • Sustainable Development Goals • Means of implementation

Rio+20 Summit: Thematic areas & cross-sectoral issues • Poverty eradication • Food security, nutrition and sustainable agriculture • Water and sanitation • Energy • Sustainable tourism • Sustainable transport • Sustainable cities and human settlements • Health and population • Full and productive employment, decent work for all and sustainable protections • Oceans and seas • Disaster risk reduction • Climate change • Forests • Biodiversity • Desertification, land degradation and drought • Mountains • Chemicals and waste • Sustainable consumption and production • Mining • Education • Gender equality and women’s empowerment • Small island developing states • Least developed countries • Land-locked least developed countries • Africa • Regional efforts

Sustainable Development Goals as proposed in Rio+20 Summit Outcome • All three dimensions and inter-linkages • Coherent and integrated in UN Development Agenda Post-2015 • Action-oriented, concise, easy to communicate • Limited in number, aspirational, global in nature but • Universally applicable while taking into account different national realities, capacities and levels of development AND • Respecting national policies and priorities • Governments drive implementation with active involvement of all relevant stakeholders, as appropriate

Key Message from Rio+20 Summit "We recognize that people’s opportunities to influence their lives and future, participate in decision making and voice their concerns are fundamental for sustainable development. We underscore that sustainable development requires concrete and urgent action. It can only be achieved with a broad alliance of people, governments, civil society and private sector, all working together to secure the future we want for present and future generations." Para 13

UN Development Group: 4 lead agencies, informal senior level coordination group • Initiated the country and thematic consultations • Global level – eleven consultations to feed into the HLP • Special Advisor Amina J. Mohamed from Nigeria

High-Level Panel of Eminent Persons: Appointed by SG June 2012 • Leaders from civil society, private sector and governments • But not an intergovernmental process • Report due on 31 May 2013 • Co-chairs: • President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono of Indonesia • President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf of Liberia • Prime Minister David Cameron of the UK • Private sector representatives – • Paul Polman from Unilever • Betty Maina from Kenya's National Association of Manufacturers

Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals mandated from Rio+20 Summit • 30-member working group meeting every month • Conceptualizing the Sustainable Development Goals • Linkages to the MDGs • Input phase: April 2013 to February 2014 • Output phase: February to March 2014

Open Working Group Emphasis • Poverty eradication as overarching issue • Clustering thematic issue areas • Means of implementation

Additional Strands of Engagement • Regional consultations through Regional Economic Commissions with a report on regional perspectives • Input from business and the private sector through UN Global Compact • Options Survey called My World on development priorities • Organized by World Wide Web Foundation, Overseas Development Institute, UN Millennium Campaign and UNDP • Citizens can vote for their priorities from a list of 16 or add others at www.myworld2015.org

Original Millennium Development Goals • Eradicating extreme poverty and hunger • Achieving universal primary education • Promoting gender equality and empowering women • Reducing child mortality rates • Improving maternal health • Combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases • Ensuring environmental sustainability • Developing a global partnership for development

Post-2015 Thematic Consultations • Environmental Sustainibility • Energy • Water • Hunger, food security, and nutrition • Health • Education • Growth and employment • Population dynamics • Inequalities • Conflict, violence, and disaster • Governance

Post-2015 Thematic Consultations • Enviornmental Sustainibility • Energy • Water • Hunger, food security, and nutrition • Health • Education • Growth and employment • Population dynamics • Inequalities • Conflict, violence, and disaster • Governance Presented by: Katie Paulson-Smith

Environmental Sustainability • Process: Global online consultations, face-to-face consultations, reports • Costa Rica high-level meeting (March 18-19, 2013) • Leading thinkers reviewed initial outcomes of virtual discussions • Breakout groups, plenary around MDGs, MDG 7, Post-2015 sustainability • MDG 7: failure to make connection between ecosystem integrity, poverty eradication, and equity • Cannot be a mere add-on or stand alone as a silo goal • Human development targets should be coupled with sustainable management of natural resources: • Match targets with food security and nutrition + targets for sustainable food production and reducing food waste • Access to energy + energy efficiency and renewables • Access to improved sources of water + reducing contamination of the water

Environmental Sustainability • 1992 Rio Declaration: The only way to have long-term social and economic progress is to link it with environmental protection and to establish equitable global partnerships between governments and key actors of civil society and business sector • 2012 The Future We Want: Eradication of poverty is the greatest global challenge facing the world today and a requirement for sustainable development • Need to mainstream and interlink sustainable development at all levels

Environmental Sustainability • Discussion so far: focus not on specific targets but on framing the Post-2015 Agenda in terms of environmental sustainability • Priorities: • Full integration and core of Agenda • Good governance and equality • Accountability and social justice through increased engagement with civil society and private sector • Integration of local action and national change • Challenge: designing multi-dimensional indicators that can be measured and monitored • Overall goal: bringing the social, economic, and environmental spheres together

Energy • Process: Global online consultations (Jan-Feb), face-to-face consultations (Feb-Mar), Oslo high-level meeting (Apr 9) • Momentum: Recent consensus on importance of energy • Rio+20 • 2012 UN International Year of Sustainable Energy • General Assembly declaration of UN Decade of Sustainable Energy for All

Energy • High-level meeting in Oslo: “Catalytic intertwining of energy and development” • Women, youth, education, health, poverty, and other goals • Joint energy-related goals linked with other consultations to ensure multi-sectoral support • Private sector is included as a key actor • Need to avoid compartmentalization of issues • Means to deliver sustainable energy • Overall goal: sustainable energy for all • Universal energy access • Increased use of renewable energy • Increased energy efficiency

Water • Process: Global online consultations (ongoing), weekly in-depth discussions (Jan-Feb), Hague high-level meeting (Mar 21-22) • Momentum: • 2007 UN Global Compact's CEO Water Mandate: public-private initiative designed to assist companies in the development, implementation and disclosure of water sustainability policies and practices • 2011 WHO and UNICEF global stakeholder Consultation: kick-start WASH goal formulation

Water • Massive global response that eclipsed attention to all of the other thematic consultations • 45,370 unique users generated 143,971 total pageviews, 1,171 website comments, 3,000 tweets, 885 Facebook likes, 1,906 Facebook interactions • March 21-22: World Water Day + Hague High-Level Meeting • Fresh water is a prerequisite to: • economic, employment, health, educational, agricultural/food, and energy benefits • maintain ecosystem services • support resilience to climate change • A standalone water goal must feature prominently in new development framework

Water • Priorities: • Universal access to WASH: • Safe and sustainable water supply • Sanitation • Hygiene • Water Resources Management requires integrated approach that involves improving water governance systems • Wastewater Management and Water Quality improvement requires preventing pollution and safely reusing and recycling water • Overall goal: • Key determinant of social, economic, and environmental development and • Central focus for poverty eradication and global sustainable development

Post-2015 Thematic Consultations • Enviornmental Sustainabilty • Energy • Water • Hunger, food security, and nutrition • Health • Education • Growth and employment • Population dynamics • Inequalities • Conflict, violence, and disaster • Governance Presented by: Haley Hooks

Hunger, Food Security and Nutrition Leaders: • Co-led by FAO, WFP with support from IFAD, Bioversity International, Special Representative of the Secretary General for Food Security and Nutrition Process: • Online consultation hosted by Global Forum on Food Security and Nutrition • Over 270 contributions submitted • A WFP-FAO informal consultation with stakeholders of the CFS • Took place in Rome on 11th February, 2013 • High level consultation hosted by the Governments of Spain and Colombia • Took place in Madrid on 4th April, 2013

Hunger, Food Security and Nutrition Key messages, trends and challenges: • Hunger and malnutrition continue to be major challenges • Obesity is an emerging problem • The demand for food is increasing • Agricultural and food systems are subject to vast changes • Multiple challenges exist due to limited natural resources • The impact of climate change is being felt across the globe • The 2008-2009 economic crisis lead to an increase in food insecurity, hunger, and malnutrition • Urbanization has created a new class of vulnerable food buyers

Hunger, Food Security and Nutrition Top priorities for the Development agenda: • Sustainable and resilient food production • Requires better access to quality, diverse and nutritious diets, locally available foods, efficient food distribution systems, and reduced waste and losses • Achieved through more efficient use of water, energy, labour, and land • Good nutrition for all • Addressing the emerging "double burden" requires a diversified diet of safe, sufficient, and nutritious foods • Access to clean water, hygiene, sanitation and nutrition education is key • Agents of transformation • Women and men smallholders, family farmers, fishers, livestock keepers, forest users, and indigenous peoples • Investments should focus on promoting gender equality, ensuring access by small producers to financial and protective resources, and supporting small producers work

Health Leaders: • Co-led by WHO and UNICEF, in collaboration with the Governments of Botswana and Sweden. Supported by a secretariat and UN interagency group including OHCHR, UNAIDS, UNDESA, UNDP, and UNFPA Process: • Web-based consultation • Took place from 1 October- 31 December, 2012 • Collection of background papers • Over 100 papers were received • Series of consultative meetings with Member States, NGO's, private sector partners, and academic and research institutions • Took place between December 2012 and January 2013 • High level-meeting • Took place on 4-6 March, 2013

Health Key messages, trends and challenges: • Populations are undergoing a "health transition" • Many countries are now facing a double burden of disease • Post-2015 agenda must accelerate progress on the present MDG targets that have not yet been achieved • Idea of good health is evolving- need to take a take a holistic approach, emphasizing health promotion and disease prevention • Health systems must adapt to higher expectations • Important to address the social determinants of health, improve the health of disadvantaged and marginalized groups, and meet the needs of people at different life stages • Need to address the growing burden of NCDs, mental illness, and other emerging health challenges

Health Top priorities for the Development Agenda: • Focus on health and wellbeing • Addresses the need for improved action on the social determinants of health • Will require collaboration and coherence across sectors • Maximizing healthy lifes • Potential to disaggregate data • Accounts for morbidity, mortality, and sustainability • Universal coverage of and access to comprehensive, high quality services • Vital component of efforts to maximize health at all life-stages • Integrates high quality service coverage and provision and financial risk protection for all

Post-2015 Thematic Consultations • Environmental Sustainability • Energy • Water • Hunger, food security, and nutrition • Health • Education • Growth and employment • Population dynamics • Inequalities • Conflict, violence, and disaster • Governance Presented by: Sean Roberts

Education Background: Between 2000 and 2010, there has been impressive progress towards the education-related Millennium Development Goals. • More children are enrolled in primary school • Gender parity has improved. • Doubling of aid to primary education Challenges: • Out-of-school children and aid to education static • Children of lower secondary school age are still out of school • Many children do not complete primary school • Focus ignores what people learn Post-2015: The aim is to identify emerging priorities and cross-cutting issues, and outline options for ensuring that education is effectively addressed in the new development framework after 2015.

Education Education Consultation process: Led by: UNESCO and UNICEF; Governments of Senegal, Canada and Germany Education Forums: Regional Forums, Global Education For All Meeting E-discussions: Equitable Access to Education; Quality of Learning; Education for Global Citizenship, Jobs and Skills; Governance and Financing of Education Global Meeting: Thematic Consultation on Education in the Post-2015 Development Agenda, 18-19 March 2013, Dakar, Senegal Focus: Vision of society, the right to basic education, Education and development cannot be considered separately, Regional cooperation and partnerships, Youth, Early childhood development, Quality of education, Flexibility

Education Overall Goal: • “Equitablequality lifelong education and learning for all” Prioritising Goals: • Equitable Access - universal coverage and basic education (covering nine of years schooling and thus includes lower secondary education) for all children and youth, particularly marginalized and vulnerable groups. • Equitable Quality Education - ensuring that all children are prepared for school entry and that children and young people leave school with measurable learning outcomes. • Includes having the skills (literacy & numeracy) • Knowledge and values to be informed, active and productive members of society and the world.

Growth and Employment Background: Achieving full employment for all was one of the targets to eradicate extreme hunger and poverty under the Millennium Development Goals. • In 2008, there was the inclusion of the new MDG target relating to employment. Challenges: • The MDG framework overlooked the fact that growth can be jobless. • Short-term growth is slowing and many large economies are faced with the prospects of a low-growth path for the foreseeable future. Post-2015: • Act as an anchor in setting global norms and guidelines for policy action, taking into account national economic and social issues, but also global concerns with partnerships, trade, and migration. • Prepare for future crisis - strengthen resilience through labour market institutions and other systems, including social protection floors.

Growth and Employment Consultation process: Led by: ILO and UNDP; Government of Japan Growth and Employment Forums: The International Labor Organization (ILO) Conference on Decent Work, G-20 Conference on Sustainable Development E-discussions: Jobs and Livelihoods; Development-led Globalization; Sustainability and Growth; Growth, Diversification & Structural Transformation Global Meeting: Thematic Consultation on Growth and Employment in the Post-2015 Development Agenda,15-16 May 2012, Tokyo, Japan Focus: • Creating needed jobs, which are productive and decent, for the world economy • Provide the right incentives for building productive capacity and boosting agricultural productivity & small-scale enterprises • New education skills required for the ‘knowledge economy,’ • Involve those in the informal economy

Growth and Employment Overall Goal: Create productive and decentjobs for the working poor • Growth, structural change, productive capacities, and employment Prioritising Goals: • Employment - creation of productive and decent jobs • Access to safe, productive and fairly remunerated work • Address demographic shifts in the labor force/working age population. • Growth - serve the improvement of people’s lives • Change the composition of jobs between the formal-informal sector • Within new growth patterns and structure, including the need to move to a low carbon economy and increasing use of technologies.

Population Dynamics Background: People are at the center of sustainable development Challenges: Main challenges of the 21st century are shaped by powerful population trends • Affect economic, development, employment, income distribution, poverty, social protection and pensions • Affect efforts to ensure universal access to health, education, housing, sanitation, water, food and energy. • Influence the sustainability of cities and rural areas, environmental conditions and climate change Post-2015: • Linkages between population dynamics and pressing development challenges, and their concrete implications for development strategies, goals and policies • Population dynamics are at the centre of the main development challenges of the 21st century, and must therefore be addressed in the post‐2015 development agenda

Population Dynamics Consultation process: Led by: UNFPA, IOM, UNDESA, and UN Habitat; Governments of Bangladesh and Switzerland Regional Population Dynamics for All Forums: Arab, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia and the Pacific E-discussions: Urban Inequalities, human rights-based and gender-responsive approaches Global Meeting: Thematic Consultation on Population Dynamics in Post-2015 Agenda, 12-13 March 2013, Dhaka, Bangladesh Focus: Population Projections & Promote Demographic Transitions • Seize the bonuses associated with a youthful population • Address human and environmental challenges of urbanization, seize the opportunities provided by an urban world • Seize opportunities of internal and international migration • Address the challenges and opportunities of population ageing

Population Dynamics Overall Goal: Address mega population trends at the national and global levels • Rapid population growth, Population ageing, Urbanization, and Migration Prioritising Goals: • Population Growth • High fertility and population growth- ensure investments in young people and adopt targets for achieving better education, sustainable job creation and the removal of barriers to accessing reproductive health services • Low fertility and population ageing - address concerns over income security, social protection, health care, and living conditions • Urbanization - promote sustainable urban development through well planned and managed urbanization • Migration and human mobility - fill gaps in the labor market and replenish economies with needed skills and innovation

Post-2015 Thematic Consultations • Environmental Sustainibility • Energy • Water • Hunger, food security, and nutrition • Health • Education • Growth and employment • Population dynamics • Inequalities • Conflict, violence, and disaster • Governance Presented by: Reese Oñate

Inequalities This Consultation, led by UNICEF, UN Women, and the Governments ofGhana and Denmark, was informed by a variety of different inputs, including: • 175 written submissions covering a wide range of issues related to inequalities • A series of 10 moderated “e-discussions” held over 3 – 4 weeks on key themes that emerged from the written submissions. The e-discussion topics were as follows: • Gender equality (372 inputs and comments) • Gender-based violence (138) • Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people (101) • Persons with disabilities (111) • Economic inequalities (84) • Indigenous peoples (109) • Young people (241) • Urban inequalities (101) • Minorities (118)

Inequalities The Inequalities Consultation Group held the following meetings to discuss the role of Inequalities in the post-2015 Agenda: • Panel Discussion on Inclusive Post-2015 Development Agenda for Children with Disabilities [14-15 September 2012] • Growing Gaps Narrowing Opportunities: The Role of the post-2015 framework in addressing worsening inequalities [12 October 2012] • Panel Discussion: Addressing Inequalities faced by minority groups in the post-2015 development agenda [28 November 2012] • High-Level Leadership Meeting on Addressing Inequalities [18-19 February 2013] • Public Event: How should Inequality feature in a post-2015 agreement? [18 April 2013]

Inequalities Findings of the Inequalities Consultation: • The widespread feeling among the Consultation participants is that Inequalities were poorly addressed in the MDGs as a result on the expression of targets and the only indicators measuring simple averages. • There is a call for Equality to become the center of the post-2015 framework and for all measurements and indicators to try and reach this goal • A new framework based on equality, human rights, and sustainability is advocated • The following solution is proposed for this integration of inequalities • A specific goal – Eliminate all forms of discrimination and achieve gender equality • All other goals must be articulated in a way that seek equality in their outcomes, including the targets and indicators used to measure those goals • The group emphasized that both are necessary to be effective

Conflict, Violence, and Disaster • The overall aim is to mobilize global consensus on the importance of accounting for peace and security in the successor development framework by addressing the interrelationships among armed conflict, fragility, organized violence, disaster and sustainable development. • This thematic consultation has been broken down into three regional consultations focusing on Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR), Conflict and Fragility, and Citizen Security, armed violence and its impact on development • The Consultation was led by the following parties: UNPBSO, UNICEF, UNISDR, UNDP, and the Government of Finland

Conflict, Violence, and Disaster The Conflict, Violence, and Disaster Consultation Group's website has hosted web-based consultations on the following questions: • Gender-based Violence • Including Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience in Post-2015 Development Goals – What are the Options? (Still Underway) They have also held the following meetings to discuss the role of Conflict, Violence, and Disaster in the post-2015 Agenda • The 5th Asian Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (Informal Plenary Discussion of the Post-2015 DRR Framework and Development Agenda) [22-25 October 2012] • Conflict and Fragility and the Post-2015 Development Agenda – Global Thematic Consultation in Monrovia, Liberia [29-30 November 2012] • Violence, Citizen Security and the Post-2015 Development Agenda – Global Thematic Consultation in Panama City, Panama [31 Jan. – 1 Feb. 2013] • Disaster Risk Reduction and the Post-2015 Development Agenda (Follow-up to the Yogakarta thematic consultation on DRR in October 2012) – Global Thematic Consultation on Disaster Risk Reduction and the Post-2015 Development Agenda in Jakarta, Indonesia (19-20 February 2013) • HIGH-LEVEL MEETING OF THE GLOBAL THEMATIC CONSULTATION ON CONFLICT, VIOLENCE AND DISASTER IN THE POST-2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA IN HELSINKI, FINLAND [13 March 2013]

Conflict, Violence, and Disaster Findings of the Conflict, Violence, and Disaster Consultation: • Post-2015 agenda should address causes and consequences of conflict, violence, and disasters • Conflict, Violence, and Disasters hit the most vulnerable the hardest and undo progress towards the MDGs • There are difficulties in identifying all of the root causes of conflict, violence, and disasters under one overarching framework • Development that is insensitive to disasters, violence and conflict can fuel the factors that cause them • Better measures of drivers of conflict, violence, and vulnerability to disasters is needed

Governance • Governance has been widely recognized as a necessary precondition and prerequisite for an effective and legitimate sustainable development framework. • Just governance is defined by six key, mutually-reinforcing dimensions, each with their associated implications for the post-2015 sustainable development framework. To be truly just, governance at all levels must be: • human rights-centred, • participatory • transparent • equitable • guaranteeing of access to justice, rule of law and the fight against corruption • accountable

Post-2015 Development Agenda