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PIOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY

PIOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY. A Biography of a Great Composer and History Composition of Piano Concerto No. 1. FAMILY. Born on May 7, 1840 in Votkinsk, Russia. BEGINNING OF HIS LIFE AS A COMPOSER. In September 1844, first attempt at composition, "Our Mama in Petersburg”

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PIOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY

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  1. PIOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY A Biography of a Great Composer and History Composition of Piano Concerto No. 1

  2. FAMILY • Born on May 7, 1840 in Votkinsk, Russia

  3. BEGINNING OF HIS LIFE AS A COMPOSER • In September 1844, first attempt at composition, "Our Mama in Petersburg” • Tchaikovsky turned to serious composition at age 14 • Among his early works were an opera, Hyperbola, a waltz for piano, and his first published work, the song Mezza notte

  4. AWAY AT SCHOOL • Attended School of Jurisprudence in St. Petersburg from 1849 to 1861 • Outside of school, he attended the performances of very famous musicians, such as Clara Schumann, and also frequented the Italian opera • On Sundays, he took music lessons from the pianist, Rudolph Kundinger • At 19, he completed his studies and began working as a clergy.

  5. HIS PASSION CALLED MUSIC • In 1857, the Russian Musical Society was formed and Tchaikovsky signed up for classes taught by Nikolai Zaremba • Tchaikovsky quit his job to study music at age 23 • Attended St. Petersburg Conservatory from 1862 to 1866 • Studied with Anton Rubinstain.

  6. HIS ACHIEVEMENTS AS A STUDENT • Before graduating, Tchaikovsky composed “Overture in F” and the “String Quartet Movement in B flat” • Anton Rubinstainbrought “Character Dances” to the attention of composer, Johann Strauss, who conducted it 1865 • After graduating, he was invited to teach at the new Moscow Conservatory • From 1866 to 1878, he was appointed professor of theory and harmony

  7. HIS COMPOSITIONS • 1866, he composed his first symphony, "Winter Daydreams" • 1868, he composed his first opera, The Voevoda • 1869, he composed the symphonic fantasia, "Fatum“ • 1869, he composed another opera, Undina

  8. HIS COMPOSITIONS • 1869, he composed an overture-fantasia, "Romeo and Juliet" • 1871, he composed String Quartet No. 1, as well as some other piano pieces and songs • 1872, he composed his third opera, The Oprichnik , and also began work on his second symphony, "Little Russian" • 1874, Tchaikovsky composed his First Piano Concerto as well as his third symphony

  9. HIS COMPOSITIONS • 1875-1876, he composed the first of his famed trilogy of ballets, Swan Lake • 1876, he composed a series of twelve piano pieces, which became popularly known as The Seasons for a music magazine, The Nuvellist • 1876, he composed two symphonic fantasias, Francesca da Rimini and The Tempest, as well as incidental music for the play, The Snow Maiden

  10. HIS MARRIAGE AND SEPARATION • Tchaikovsky married his student, AntoninaMilyukova, in July of 1877 • Lasted only two to three months • Nadezhdavon Meck, the widow of a wealthy railway magnate, had heard of his marriage break-up and began to commission pieces from him • Left teaching position dedicate himself to his creative work during the years of 1876 to 1890.

  11. MORE COMPOSITIONS • 1878, Tchaikovsky composed his fourth symphony, another opera, EvgeniiOnegin, as well as his Violin Concerto • 1879, he composed another opera, The Maid of Orleans, his Second Piano Concerto, and the Italian Capriccio • 1880, he composed Serenade for String Orchestra and the overture, 1812 • 1882, he composed a musical memorial dedicated to Nikolai Rubinstein, Piano Trio • 1883 he composed another opera, Mazepa

  12. MORE COMPOSITIONS • 1885, he revised Vakula the Smith (later renamed Cherevichki), and composed a new opera, The Enchantress, and a new symphonic work, Manfred • 1887, Cherevichki was performed, it was his first time conducting his own work

  13. HIS FIRST TOUR • 1887, he ventured on first European concert tour as a conductor • He performed in Leipzig, Berlin, Prague, Hamburg, Paris and London • Met several well-known composers and famous musicians

  14. COMPOSITIONS AS A FAMOUS COMPOSER • He was famous in Russia, in Europe and America as well • 1888, he composed his Fifth Symphony and a ballet, The Sleeping Beauty • 1890, he composed another opera, The Queen of Spades, as well as the sextet, Souvenir de Florence. • 1991, he composed a ballet, The Nutcracker, and a one-act opera, Iolanta • 1991, he orchestrated a symphonic ballad, The Voevoda • In between his musical work, he had embarked on other concert tours across Russia, Europe, and America

  15. LAST YEAR OF HIS LIFE • 1892, returned from tour and began Symphony in E♭ major later becoming a part of Third Piano Concerto after his death • 1893, he composed Symphony No. 6 in B minor as well as the Eighteen Pieces (Op. 72) for piano • 1893, received an honorary degree of Doctor of Music from Cambridge University • Next projects were "Pathetique Symphony", his Third Piano Concerto, and possibly a new opera. • October 1893, he was diagnosed with cholera in its severe stage and he died on November 6, 1893 in St. Petersburg

  16. COMPOSITION HISTORY OF PIANO CONCERTO NO. 1 • Piano Concerto No. 1 was begun in November of 1874 • January of 1875, Nikolai Rubinstein gave him a harsh evaluation • Tchaikovsky felt insulted and published it as it was • It was completed in February 1875 and dedicated to Hans von Bülow • It was first heard in Boston on October 25, 1875 • It was also performed in Saint Petersburg on November 13, 1875 by pianist, Gustav Kross, and conductor, Eduard Nápravník, as well as on December 3, 1875 in Moscow by Sergei Taneev and conductor, Nikolai Rubinstein • Tchaikovsky was fond of his First Piano Concerto and included it in his concert tours through Europe and North America in the 1880s and 1890s • The main theme of the first movement is inspired from a Ukrainian folk song • The second movement is inspired by a French song from the early 1870’s • The third movement is inspired by the Ukrainian song "Go on, go on Ivan" • It was first published by PetrJurgenson in two parts, orchestral parts in 1875 piano parts in 1876 • The full score was published in August 1879 as a second edition with revisions • A third edition of the full score was revised and published in 1890

  17. BIBLIOGRAPHY • Piotr il'ich tchaikovsky. (2001, May 13). Retrieved from http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~boris/maha/music/tchaikovsky.html • Poznansky, A. (n.d.). Tchaikovsky: A life. Retrieved from http://www.tchaikovsky-research.net/ • Pyotr ilyich tchaikovsky. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.8notes.com/biographies/tchaikovsky.asp

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