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Interval Management - Spacing (IM-S) CPDLC Messages

Interval Management - Spacing (IM-S) CPDLC Messages. Randy Bone SC-214 / WG-78 Plenary Briefing 2010 November 18. Overview. Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) Interval Management (IM). Tiger Team Activities 2010 Tiger Team Activities IM Overview Field Activities

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Interval Management - Spacing (IM-S) CPDLC Messages

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  1. Interval Management - Spacing (IM-S) CPDLC Messages Randy Bone SC-214 / WG-78 Plenary Briefing 2010 November 18

  2. Overview • Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) • Interval Management (IM) • Tiger Team Activities • 2010 Tiger Team Activities • IM Overview • Field Activities • RTCA Standards • Draft CPDLC Messages • Future Activities

  3. Tiger Team Activities • Joint familiarization through reading and telecons on the SC-186 / WG-51 FIM-S SPR and SC-214 and WG-78 SPR-H-Part3-CPDLC-Feb3 • Definition of additional CPDLC messages to support Flight deck-based Interval Management – Spacing (FIM-S) • Define the FIM-S messages • Determine near term options for the messages using free text • Goal: significant progress toward the definition of the FIM-S message elements by the November 2010 SC-214 / WG-78 Plenary meeting • Presentation of the CPDLC messages to the SC-214 / WG-78 safety and performance sub-group for determination of the impact on the current SC-214 / WG-78 CPDLC safety and performance requirements.

  4. 2010 Activities • May - Inter-Special Committee Requirements Agreement (ISRA) Approved • June - Meeting 1 • Reviewed proposed, detailed messages • July – Two telecons • Reviewed initial pink table and operating method table • August – Meeting / Telecon • Reviewed updated pink table and set of operating method tables • September – Telecon • Continued review of set of operating method tables • October – Meeting • Reviewed comments on document with IM sample scenario and sample communications • Cockpit and ATC demo of IM operations • November • New document with IM sample scenario and sample communications developed and released 13 November. Comments due 26 November.

  5. IM Overview

  6. IM Concept Overview • Create operational benefits through management of intervals between aircraft • IM Operations • ATC utilizes Ground-based IM (GIM) to manage arrival streams and to set-up for Flight Deck based IM (FIM) through time-based flow management (TBFM) • New GIM tools may not be necessary for certain implementations • ATC determines FIM aircraft pairs and desired spacing goal • ATC transmits Target Aircraft and IM Initiation parameters (e.g., spacing goal, achieve-by point, termination point) to IM Aircraft • An IM Turn maneuver may initially be used if speed alone is not sufficient • Flight crew of IM Aircraft enters the information into FIM system • When IM conduct requirements are met, FIM system provides IM Speeds for flight crew to fly • Flight crew follows the IM Speeds and ATC monitors until termination

  7. Expected Benefits • Early speed advisories should remove requirement for later path-lengthening • Consistent, low variance spacing between paired aircraft (e.g., at the entry to an arrival procedure and on final approach) • Continued Optimized Profile Descents (OPDs) in medium density environments • GIM expected to allow OPDs when demand <=70% • FIM should increase further • Reduced ATC instructions and workload • Without unacceptable increase in flight crew workload

  8. Field Activities

  9. IM Active / Planned Activities • UPS • UPS has six Boeing 757 and five Boeing 767 aircraft equipped • In 2008, UPS conducted FIM-S during OPDs about once a week • In 2009 (April) and 2010 (August), successful data collection events of UPS FIM-S (during OPDs) conducted • Initial impressions have been positive: Phraseology, non-normal situations, flight crew coordination procedures, CDTI, en route ATC operations. GIM is important for set-up of aircraft • US Airways • Project proposed to be conducted at Philadelphia International Airport (KPHL) and surrounding airspace • Phased implementation of technology, procedures, and capabilities • Airbus A330 Aircraft • Using ACSS equipment similar to that used by UPS • Being defined in FAA / US Airways / ACSS NextGen Project Plan

  10. RTCA Standards

  11. IM Safety and Performance Requirements (SPR) • International body (RFG) developing SPR for FIM-S • Final review and comment release in January 2011 • Specification of the technical and operational requirements for airborne spacing • Description of spacing roles and responsibilities that can be applied across several operations • Definition of airborne capabilities & procedures for their use • Requirements based on near-term and validated uses • Significant growth areas identified and defined • Requirements are not specific to a particular IM Operation • General framework for the MOPS and operational design / approval processes • Effort expected to begin in Spring of 2011 • Validation activities are being planned

  12. Draft CPDLC Messages

  13. Messages • Initiation Messages • IM Turn • Initiation • Execution • FIM Flight Deck Report (starting IM) • Termination • ATC Termination • Flight Crew termination

  14. Initiation Messages – IM Turn • IM Turn instruction • Purpose: Allow ATC to make a large change in spacing between IM aircraft and target aircraft beyond what speed adjustments alone could provide. • UM IM1 “For spacing, turn to [Heading]. Intercept at [Turn Intercept Point].” • [Turn Intercept Point] • Definition: A point to turn direct-to when spacing can be achieved • Parameters: Fix; latitude, longitude pair • Range: NA • Resolution: NA • Flight crew reply • “Wilco” “Unable” or “Standby • Followed by FIM Initiation Message

  15. Initiation Messages– Initiation (1 of 4) • Initiation Instruction • Allow ATC to convey the necessary information to the flight crew to identify the Target Aircraft and to arm the flight deck FIM system • Precise value, No closer than, No closer than interval and capture Spacing Goal Type communication • UM IM2 “When able [FIM Speed Instructions] [Spacing Goal Type] [Assigned Spacing Goal Value] [Assigned Spacing Goal Value label] spacing with [Target Aircraft Identification] by [Achieve-By Point]. Terminate at [Termination Point].” • Sample: When able [achieve] [no closer than] [120] [seconds] spacing with [D A L seven one five] by [ACHVE]. Terminate at [TERMN]. • Closed Interval (“between”) Spacing Goal Type communication • UM IM3 “When able [FIM Speed Instructions] [Spacing Goal Type] [Assigned Spacing Goal Value] [Assigned Spacing Goal Value label] and [Assigned Spacing Goal Value] [Assigned Spacing Goal Value label] spacing with [Target Aircraft Identification] by [Achieve-By Point]. Terminate at [Termination Point].”

  16. Initiation Messages – Initiation (2 of 4) • [FIM Speed Instructions] • Definition: Method to accomplish the assigned spacing goal • Parameters: Choice -“Achieve” (implies maintain afterward); “Maintain current spacing” • [Spacing Goal Type] • Definition: Leeway in spacing interval between aircraft • Parameters: Choice - Empty - Precise value; “Between” - Closed interval; “No closer than;” “No closer than interval and capture” • [Assigned Spacing Goal Value] • Definition: Time value in seconds or distance value in nautical miles • Parameters: Time and Distance • [time] • Definition: FIM spacing goal in time. • Parameters: None • Range: 0 – 600 seconds • Resolution: 1 second • [distance] • Definition: FIM spacing goal in distance. • Parameters: None • Range: 0 - 100 • Resolution: 0.05 nm

  17. Initiation Messages– Initiation (3 of 4) • [Assigned Spacing Goal Value Label] • Definition: Label for the assigned spacing goal • Parameters: Choice - “seconds;” “nm” • [Target Aircraft Flight Identification] • Definition: A unique identification for the Target Aircraft • Parameters: None • Range: 2 – 8 characters

  18. Initiation Messages– Initiation (4 of 4) • [Achieve-By Point] • Definition: A point on the IM Aircraft’s Intended Flight Path, defined by a specific 2D location, or fixed time after IM initiation, by which the Assigned Spacing Goal is required to be met. The Assigned Spacing Goal is not required to be met prior to the Achieve-by Point. • Parameters: fix; latitude, longitude pair; distance to/from a named waypoint; place/distance/bearing; an absolute time; a relative time from the acceptance of the IM Clearance • [Termination Point] • Definition: A point to termination the IM operation • Parameters: fix; latitude, longitude pair; distance to/from a named waypoint; place/distance/bearing; an absolute time; a relative time from the acceptance of the IM Clearance

  19. Execution Messages • FIM Flight Deck Report • Purpose: Provide the controller with the necessary information to be aware of the current state of the FIM operation. It may be used when the flight crew has started FIM or reached a reporting point. • Flight crew communications • DM IM1 “Spacing from [TargetAircraft Flight Identification].”

  20. Termination Messages (1 of 2) • ATC initiated termination • Purpose: Convey the necessary information for the controller to terminate FIM • UM IM4 “Terminate spacing from [TargetAircraft Flight Identification] for [ATCTermination Reason] [Free Text]” • [ATCTermination Reason] • Definition: Select set of options for ATC reason for termination • Parameters: Choice - TBD • Range: NA • Resolution: NA • [Free Text] • Definition: Provide additional information up to 256 characters • Parameters: None • Range: 1 – 256 characters • Resolution: NA • ATC initiation termination message is expected to be followed by instruction for route / speed instruction as necessary • Flight crew reply • “Wilco” “Unable” or “Standby”

  21. Termination Messages (2 of 2) • Pilot initiated termination • Purpose: Convey the necessary information for the flight crew to terminate FIM • DM IM2 “Terminating spacing from [TargetAircraft Flight Identification] for [Flight CrewTermination Reason] [Free Text]” • [Flight Crew Termination Reason] • Definition: Select set of options for flight crew reason for requesting termination, allowing ATC to modify instruction or terminate as desired • Parameters: Choice -“Spacing speed too low;” “Spacing Speed too high;” “Target lost;” “Spacing Equipment Failure;” “Unknown” • Range: NA • Resolution: NA • [Free Text] • Definition: Provide additional information up to 256 characters • Parameters: None • Range: 1 – 256 characters • Resolution: NA

  22. Future Activities • Continued development of messages as FIM SPR gets finalized and FRACed • Conduct operational workshop on proposed messages • Compare proposed messages against planned operational implementations • Determine validation activities and coordination • Start detailed discussions with CPDLC safety and performance requirements team

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