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KEY CONCEPT Cells divide during mitosis and cytokinesis.

KEY CONCEPT Cells divide during mitosis and cytokinesis. DNA and histones. Supercoiled DNA. DNA double helix. Chromatin. Chromosomes condense at the start of mitosis. 1. Chromosomes are made up one long strand of DNA

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KEY CONCEPT Cells divide during mitosis and cytokinesis.

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Cells divide during mitosis and cytokinesis.

  2. DNA andhistones SupercoiledDNA DNA doublehelix Chromatin Chromosomes condense at the start of mitosis. 1. Chromosomes are made up one long strand of DNA 2. DNA wraps around proteins (histones) and then form chromatin (spaghetti)

  3. chromatid telomere centromere telomere Condensed, duplicated chromosome • Chromosomes form and become present during prophase • One half of a duplicated chromosome is a chromatid. • Sister chromatids are held together at the centromere.

  4. Parent cell centrioles spindle fibers centrosome nucleus with DNA Mitosis and cytokinesis produce two genetically identical daughter cells. • #1 = INTERPHASE prepares the cell to divide in G1, S, G2 • During interphase, growth occurs and the DNA is duplicated.

  5. #2 PROPHASE, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form (chromosomes PRESENT) • Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.

  6. #3 = METAPHASE, chromosomes line up in the equator of the cell (chromosomes in MIDDLE) • Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.

  7. #4 = ANAPHASE, sister chromatids separate to opposite sides of the cell. (chromosomes pull APART) • Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases.

  8. Mitosis divides the cell’s nucleus in four phases. • #5 = TELOPHASE, the new nuclei form and chromosomes begin to uncoil (chromosomes in TWO new cells)

  9. In animal cells, the membrane pinches closed. • In plant cells, a cell plate forms. • CELL SPLITS INTO • 2 CELLS • #6 = CYTOKINESIS differs in animal and plant cells.

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