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Chapter 3

Chapter 3. The Ancient Israelites. More than 3000 years ago a group of people called the Israelites built a kingdom called Canaan . The religion worshiped there would become known as Judaism . .

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Chapter 3

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  1. Chapter 3 The Ancient Israelites

  2. More than 3000 years ago a group of people called the Israelites built a kingdom called Canaan. The religion worshiped there would become known as Judaism.

  3. The Israelites were monotheists – which means they believed in only one God. They spoke Hebrew, and recorded their religious history into a bible.

  4. Israelites believed they descended from Abraham, who was told by God to settle the land of Canaan. Abraham’s grandson – Jacob – raised 12 sons in Canaan.

  5. They would be known as the 12 tribes of Israel. The tribes lived in Canaan for 100 years.

  6. A drought forced the Israelites to leave Canaan for Egypt. There they became slaves. To prevent rebellion, the Egyptian Pharaoh had all Israelite babies killed.

  7. According to the Israelite bible, one baby survived. His name was Moses, and he was raised by the Pharaoh’s family. As an adult, Moses had a vision from God.

  8. God appeared to Moses in the form of a burning bush. He was instructed to lead the Israelites out of slavery back to Canaan. The Egyptian Pharaoh disagreed.

  9. God then sent 10 plagues to trouble Egypt. The last killed all first-born children. The Israelites were spared so long as they marked their door with lamb’s blood.

  10. Pharaoh freed the Israelites, but quickly changed his mind. The bible says God parted the Red Sea to let his people pass, and then drowned the Egyptians who followed.

  11. On the way to Canaan, Moses received laws from God. These laws became known as the Torah. The most important laws were known as the 10 Commandments.

  12. Moses died before the Israelites reached Canaan. When they did, they found people – The Canaanites – living there. A man named Joshua led a war against them.

  13. According to the bible, Joshua led them to a town called Jericho. The Israelites marched around its walls for 6 days, and then let out a shout. The walls of Jericho crumbled.

  14. Leaders of the Israelite tribes took over some land in Canaan, but Philistines ruled. Israelites had to copy the ways & religions of the Philistine people just to survive.

  15. The tribes wanted a leader to help them defeat the Philistines. They asked Samuel, a prophet, to speak to God and anoint a kingto lead them. King Saul was named.

  16. Samuel warned the Israelites about anointing a king. Eventually King Saul displeased the Israelites, and a new king was needed. In secret, Samuel anointed King David.

  17. David was a famous warrior, known for defeating a giant Philistine soldier using a slingshot. Saul envied David, and tried to kill him. David lived, and eventually took charge.

  18. David defeated the Philistines and the kingdom of the Israelites began to spread. Israelites paid David heavy taxes, which he used to build a capital city called Jerusalem.

  19. David’s son, Solomon, was not as loved as his father. Many of the 12 tribes began to quarrel with each other. The kingdom was split in two: Israel & Judah.

  20. The Israelites began to forget their religion. Outsiders from Assyria conquered Israel and dispersed its people. They are known as the Lost Tribes of Israel.

  21. The Egyptians later conquered Judah. Chaldeans then defeated the Egyptians, who then joined forces with the Israelites to get revenge.

  22. The Chaldeans won the war and punished the Jews. Jerusalem was destroyed and most of the Jews were sent to Babylon as exiles.

  23. Persian and Greek rulers would eventually control the Jews who remained. The other Jews suffered in the Diaspora. In 63 B.C. Rome eventually conquered Judah.

  24. The remaining Jews split into small groups & could not work together to fight the Romans or the cruel King Herod, who ruled them. Some Jews, called zealots, still revolted.

  25. As punishment for the revolt the Romans killed thousands of Jews. Those who remained were forbidden to enter Jerusalem. The town was re-named Palestine.

  26. For more than 2000 years most Jews lived outside of Palestine and faced persecution. A tyrant named Adolf Hitler once ordered the mass murder of 6 million Jews.

  27. This was called “The Holocaust.”

  28. After World War II the land of Palestine was divided and a new Jewish nation was created called Israel.

  29. Even now the Jews there struggle to maintain control of their promised land.

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