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Electric network faults seen by a wind farm – analysis of measurement data

Electric network faults seen by a wind farm – analysis of measurement data. Sanna Uski, Seppo Hänninen, Bettina Lemström. 5x600 kW. Measurements - 2,5 sec 500 Hz - 0,33 sec 3,7 kHz - triggered by U0. Ur, Us, Ut Ir, Is, It. Ur, Us, Ut Ir, Is, It, U0 Ir, Is, It, U0. Measurement site.

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Electric network faults seen by a wind farm – analysis of measurement data

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  1. Electric network faults seen by a wind farm – analysis of measurement data Sanna Uski, Seppo Hänninen, Bettina Lemström

  2. 5x600 kW Measurements - 2,5 sec 500 Hz - 0,33 sec 3,7 kHz - triggered by U0 Ur, Us, Ut Ir, Is, It Ur, Us, Ut Ir, Is, It, U0 Ir, Is, It, U0 Measurement site x Olos • Measurement at Olos wind farm on 21 kV level • 5 x 600 kW fixed speed wind turbines • Turbines equipped with • squirrel cage induction generator • capacitor bank • Dyn step-up transformer • Connected to relatively weak 21 kV grid (Sk~50MVA) • 21 kV grid reactance grounded Helsinki

  3. Voltage dip distribution • Voltage dips detected in 196 cases out of 260 • Several dips involved in one incident, 5.4 dips in average (max 36) • Multiple types of faults, 3 phase, single phase etc. No. of dips Dip duration Residual voltage

  4. Voltage dip examples;Two phase fault Autoextinguished earth fault • Autoextinguished earth fault • Caused by thunder • Three voltage dips • 28…34 ms, Ures 0.44, 0.74 and 0.85 pu • Two phase short-circuit • Triggered at fault clearing  caused a change in neutral voltage • Residual voltage 0.6 pu • Duration of the dip 258 ms

  5. Varying faults • Most of the faults are varying • fault resistance • fault type • Example case; • starts with two phase short circuit • changes to two phase-to-ground fault • and to a three phase short circuit • fault cleared, earth capasitance discharge causes multiple short voltage dips • Available in Annex database

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