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ACQUIRED SPECIFIC ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

. DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN SELF AND NON-SELF, RESPONDS ONLY TO FOREIGN MATERIALDIVERSITY SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES WHICH RECOGNIZE TRILLIONS OF SPECIFIC, DIFFERENT STRUCTURESSPECIFICITY IMMUNITY DIRECTED AT ONE UNIQUE PATHOGENMEMORY RESPONDS QUICKLY TO RE-EXPOSURE. . HUMORAL IMMUNITY

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ACQUIRED SPECIFIC ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

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    1. ACQUIRED – SPECIFIC – ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY DUAL SYSTEM: HUMORAL ANTIBODIES – SOLUBLE PROTEINS IN BLOOD, MUCUS, MILK, SALIVA, LYMPH CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY – IMMUNE CELLS SEEK OUT AND DESTROY HUMAN CELLS EXPRESSING FOREIGN ANTIGENS

    2. DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN SELF AND NON-SELF, RESPONDS ONLY TO FOREIGN MATERIAL DIVERSITY – SPECIFIC ANTIBODIES WHICH RECOGNIZE TRILLIONS OF SPECIFIC, DIFFERENT STRUCTURES SPECIFICITY – IMMUNITY DIRECTED AT ONE UNIQUE PATHOGEN MEMORY – RESPONDS QUICKLY TO RE-EXPOSURE

    3. HUMORAL IMMUNITY CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY CIRCULATING, SOLUBLE CELLS WHICH SPECIFICALLY PROTEINS, ANTIBODIES ATTACK HOST CELLS INFECTED (GAMMA GLOBULINS) SOME VIRUSES OR FUNGI REACT WITH BACTERIA, AND TUMOR CELLS SOME VIRUSES, TOXINS B LYMPHOCYTE DEFICIENCY T LYMPHOCYTE DEFICIENCY AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA DiGEORGE SYNDROME BACTERIAL INFECTIONS VIRAL INFECTIONS SCID –SEVERE COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENCY DISEASE B AND T LYMPHOCYTE DEFICIENCY LETHAL

    6. CLONAL SELECTION NAĎVE LYMPHOCYTE POPULATION CONTAINS CELLS WITH POTENTIAL TO RESPOND TO ALL IMAGINABLE ANTIGENS INTRODUCING A SPECIFIC ANTIGEN STIMULATES SPECIFIC LYMPHOCYTES WHICH CAN RESPOND TO THAT ANTIGEN TO: PROLIFERATE & PRODUCE A HUGE POPULATION OF THEMSELVLES WHICH SYNTHESIZE SOLUBLE ANTIBODIES - HUMORAL OR ACT AS CYTOTOXIC CELLS – CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY

    8. HUMORAL IMMUNITY ANTIGENS - CAUSE ANTIBODY SYNTHESIS AND CELL- MEDIATED RESPONSE FOREIGN – HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT >10,000 DEGRADABLE BY HOST

    10. ANTIBODIES 1. SOLUBLE PROTEINS RECOGNIZE AND BIND SPECIFICALLY ANTIGENS (ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS) 2. CIRCULATE IN BLOOD, LYMPH, PRESENT IN MUCUS, TEARS, SALIVA, MOTHER’S MILK 3. SYNTHESIZED IN RESPONSE TO FOREIGN ANTIGEN 4. REACTION WITH PATHOGEN PROVIDES SPECIFIC IMMUNITY BACTERIAL CELLS – BORDETELLA PERTUSSIS (WHOOPING COUGH) INCREASED PHAGOCYTOSIS EFFICIENCY NON-ENVELOPED VIRUS – POLIO –VIRUS NEUTRALIZATION (INACTIVATION) TOXINS – CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI TOXIN - INACTIVATION

    12. B CELL ACTIVATION B CELL RECEPTORS – IMMUNOGLOBULIN – IgM SPECIFIC FOR ONE ANTIGENIC DETERMINANT CO-RECEPTOR (Ig ALPHA, IgBETA) THIS CELL CAN RESPOND ONLY TO THE ANTIGEN BOUND BY THE RECEPTOR BINDING – SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION ACTIVATES THAT B CELL 10E13 NAĎVE B CELLS/BODY STIMULATES PROLIFERATION OF THAT CELL PRODUCING HUGE POPULATION OF B CELLS OF THAT SPECIFICITY DIFFERENTIATE – PLASMA CELLS, PRODUCE ANTIBODY OR BECOME MEMORY CELLS

    16. HUMORAL RESPONSE SUMMARY ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL (MACROPHAGE, DENDRITIC CELL) PROCESSES FOREIGN MATERIAL, PRESENTS EPITOPES BOUND TO MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX II T HELPER CELL – 0 - RECEPTOR – IMMUNOGLOBULIN SPECIFIC FOR EPITOPE CD4 CO-RECEPTOR BECOMES T HELPER 2 SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION – T CELL LYMPHOKINES B CELL – RECEPTOR FOR THAT EPITOPE BINDS PROLIFERATES, DIFFERENTIATES, BECOMES: PLASMA CELL – SECRETES ANTIBODIES MEMORY CELL –RESPONDS TO SUBSEQUENT STIMULUS

    20. ANTIBODY DIVERSITY HOW CAN A PERSON SYNTHESIZE 10e13 DIFFERENT ANTIBODIES? REARRANGEMENT OF ANTIBODY GENE SEGMENTS IN PRECURSORS OF B CELLS – COMBINATORIAL JOINING GENE SPLICING IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE FRAGMENTS ON SAME CHROMOSOME GENERATING DIFFERENT CODONS DURING GENE SPLICING SOMATIC MUTATIONS

    21. IMMUNOGLOBULIN GENE SPLICING LIGHT CHAINS: MANY V, J, AND C REGIONS IN PRECURSOR B CELLS RECOMBINATION BY SPECIFIC ENZYMES SPLICES OUT VARIOUS REGIONS, JOINING ONE V, ONE J, AND ONE C REGION IN DEVELOPING B CELLS IN BONE MARROW HEAVY CHAINS: MANY V, D, J, AND C REGIONS IN PRECURSORS COMBINATORIAL JOINING PRE-M RNA SPLICING

    22. SPLICING SITE VARIABILITY SPLICING DNA OCCURS WITHIN CODONS GENERATES DIFFERENT CODONS CCTCCC + TGGTGG > CCG TGG PRO TRYP > CCT CGG PRO ARG

    23. SOMATIC MUTATIONS ANTIGENIC STIMULUS DURING B CELL DEVELOPMENT STIMULATES MUTATIONS WITHIN THE V REGIONS

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