1 / 39

The Evolution of Democracy in Western Civilization

The Evolution of Democracy in Western Civilization. Ancient Greece Introduces Democracy. Direct Democracy in Athens. What are some possible pros and cons to a direct democracy?. Great Philosophers: Socrates:. Plato and Aristotle. Plato’s Republic. The Roman Republic. Medieval England.

armando-osborn
Download Presentation

The Evolution of Democracy in Western Civilization

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Evolution of Democracy in Western Civilization

  2. Ancient Greece Introduces Democracy

  3. Direct Democracy in Athens

  4. What are some possible pros and cons to a direct democracy?

  5. Great Philosophers: Socrates:

  6. Plato and Aristotle

  7. Plato’s Republic

  8. The Roman Republic

  9. Medieval England

  10. No more Tyranny! • After King Henry’s death, the English Nobles resented the monarch’s rising power and rebelled against Henry’s son, the current King John

  11. The Magna Carta The Great Charter of English liberty granted (under considerable duress) by King John at Runnymede on June 15, 1215

  12. The Magna Carta • Signed by King John, 1215 • Magna Carta (Latin meaning Great Charter), limited power, forced him to agree to its 63 terms. • Was possibly first legal document to institute rights of citizen against Divine Right of Kings in European history. • No other King John’s since

  13. Why is this so important? • The rule of law has its basis in Magna Carta. This concept, fundamental to democratic forms of government, asserts that all – including a king, prime minister, or president – must abide by the laws of the nation

  14. Key Parts of the Magna Carta • One of the Magna Carta’s 63 Clauses*-King could not demand taxes. Had to ask for consent of people. • Another had to do with an accused person • Accused had a right to a jury trial, protection under the law. • Right called Due Process of the Law (Something we still use today) • Clause: A section of a document, • that clarifies, defines, or explains • the subject matter

  15. Parliament • Over time the clause that said the king couldn’t tax people without their consent was interpreted to mean without the consent of Parliament. • Parliament was England’s law making body.

  16. What would the world look like without any government?

  17. Thomas Hobbes

  18. Hobbes’s Social Contract • Hobbes witnesses the horrors of the English Civil War • A strong government is needed to keep order • People exchange their rights in exchange for law and order • Without gov’t there would be… • “War…of every man against every man,” 1651

  19. Hobbes’s Social Contract • A Change in The Right to Govern • Old Idea: • A monarch’s rule is justified by divine right • New Idea • A government’s power comes from the consent of the governed. 1651

  20. John Locke • Two Treatises of Government in 1689 • Criticized absolute monarchy in favor of self-gov’t • Believed in Natural Rights • All people are born free and have the right to life, liberty, and property

  21. Study the Charts Why were Locke’s ideas about government considered radical for his time? Enlightenment Thought: John Locke’s ideas about self-government Centuries-Old Practice All government power is with people

  22. English Bill of Rights • Guaranteed supremacy of Parliament over the monarchy. • Monarchy could neither make nor suspend laws • Prohibited monarch from interfering with Parliament • Restated rights of English citizens • Trial by jury • Abolished fines and cruel and unusual punishment.

  23. English Bill of Rights Influences…

  24. John Locke to Thomas Jefferson

  25. How did the ideas of John Locke influence Jefferson’s writings in the Declaration of Independence? LOCKE JEFFERSON, Dec. of Independence

  26. How did the ideas of John Locke influence Jefferson’s writings in the Declaration of Independence? LOCKE JEFFERSON, Dec. of Independence

  27. How did the ideas of John Locke influence Jefferson’s writings in the Declaration of Independence? LOCKE JEFFERSON, Dec. of Independence

  28. How did the ideas of John Locke influence Jefferson’s writings in the Declaration of Independence? LOCKE JEFFERSON, Dec. of Independence

  29. How did the ideas of John Locke influence Jefferson’s writings in the Declaration of Independence? LOCKE JEFFERSON, DEC. of Independence

  30. How did the ideas of John Locke influence Jefferson’s writings in the Declaration of Independence? LOCKE JEFFERSON, Dec. of Independence

  31. In what ways is each of the ideas represented in today’s society?

  32. Charles-Louis Montesquieu • An influential French writer • Government should be kept under control through separation of powers • A way to guarantee balance is have three branches of government • A legislative branch to make laws • An executive branch to carry out and enforce laws • A judicial branch to interpret laws • Wrote, On the spirit of laws

  33. Montesquieu influences Madison

  34. James Madison • Father of the U.S. Constitution • Author of the Bill of Rights • 4th President of the US

  35. The Bill of Rights • The First 10 Amendments of the Constitution • Added to ratify the Constitution • Guaranteed Individual Rights

  36. Progression of Rule of Law

  37. The Preamble • We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

More Related