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Nanotechnology R&D impacts many industries

More Discussion on Nanotechnology Applications. Nanotechnology R&D impacts many industries. Electronics Materials Health/Biotech Chemical Environmental Energy Aerospace Automotive Security Forest products Instrumentation.

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Nanotechnology R&D impacts many industries

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  1. More Discussion on Nanotechnology Applications Nanotechnology R&D impacts many industries • Electronics • Materials • Health/Biotech • Chemical • Environmental • Energy • Aerospace • Automotive • Security • Forest products • Instrumentation

  2. Making Small SmallerAn Example: Electronics-Microprocessors microscale nanoscale macroscale ibm.com

  3. Electronics Keep On Getting Better Moore's "Law": Number of Transistors per Microprocessor Chip intel.com

  4. Specialized Nano-Coatings Self-cleaning surfaces - like a Lotus leaf (ultrahydrophobic) Inframat hardened coatings for Navy high-wear parts Biocompatible coatings for long lasting orthopedic joints

  5. Nano for Regenerative Medicine

  6. Super Adhesives Adhesive force of a single gecko foot-hair Nature 405, 681-685 (8 June 2000) Microfabricated Adhesive Mimicking Gecko Foot-Hair Nature Materials2, 461-463 (2003)

  7. Solar Cells and Integration of Nanotechnology • Organic/Inorganic solar cells • Silicon solar cells are most common and efficient right now. • Reflection of incoming light is a big natural limitation for efficiency. Evergreen Solar, Inc. Marlboro, MA Konarka

  8. REFLECTION! Anti-reflection coating Typical P-N Junction Silicon Solar Cell Structure Sunlight Top side metallization grid 0.5 µm Average phosphorus~1018cm-3 n+ emitter p base ~100-300 µm Boron~1016cm-3 Optional p+ back surface diffusion Back side metallization

  9. Anti-Reflection Conditions n0 n1 n2 Incident wave Transmitted wave R1 R2

  10. Pattern Transfer by Etching (Tunable Anti-Reflective Coating) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 20.6., Nov. Dec 2002 Can work as an anti-reflective coating! Moth Eye UMASS NNIN.ORG

  11. Other Nano-Solar Cells Nano solar cells mixed in plastic could be painted on buses, roofs, and clothing! ] 200 nm Nano solar cell: Inorganic nanorods embedded in semiconducting polymer, sandwiched between two electrodes Source: http://www.berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2002/03/28_solar.html

  12. Flat Panel Displays, Colorants, Smart Papers…(Photonic Crystals) Reflection from butterfly wings and beetle’s exocuticle 2 April 2007 / Vol. 15, No. 7 / OPTICS EXPRESS 4351 PHYSICAL REVIEW E 74, 021922 2006

  13. Disease Detection (Using Quantum Dots) Nanogold Gold Color ? Quantum dots glow in UV light • Injected in mice, collect in tumors • Could locate as few as 10 to 100 cancer cells Quantum Dots: Nanometer-sized crystals that contain free electrons and emit photons when submitted to UV light Early tumor detection, studied in mice Sources: http://vortex.tn.tudelft.nl/grkouwen/qdotsite.html http://www.whitaker.org/news/nie2.html

  14. Some resources on nano applications The Woodrow Wilson Center consumer product inventory http://www.nanotechproject.org/index.php?id=44&action=intro The Nano 50 awards http://www.nanotechbriefs.com/nano50_winners.html Small Times magazine http://www.smalltimes.com/

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