agenda

1. agenda 1.24.12

2. QUIZ (out of 7)… • Define imperialism. • List the 4 major motives for European imperialism. • List one Southeast Asian colony ruled by the British. • Define protectorate • Who led the Filipino fight for independence? • Was the Filipino fight for independence successful? • What is the difference between indirect and direct control over colonies? • List one negative impact of colonization on the peoples of SE Asia. • T or F – early resistance movements in colonized nations were largely successful

3. QUIZ ANSWERS… • The extension of a country’s power over other lands. • Economic motives, competition, desire to spread Christianity and racism/Social Darwinism • Singapore and Burma • A political unit that depends on another government for its protection. • Emilio Aguinaldo • No • Indirect = colonized peoples ruled on behalf of the colonizing countryDirect = local rulers were replaced by Western rulers • Plantation agriculture – foreign owners, local laborers earning horrible wages and getting almost no profit from exports. Bad conditions lead to death. • F

4. Homework – read and outline pages 456 – 458 AND pages 461 – 463 DUE TOMORROW!!!! • Collect paragraphs • DRILL – list the 7 continents.

6. agenda 1.25.12

7. Mini-quiz • T or F – by 1914, Egypt was a protectorate of Great Britain. • Why were both Britain AND France interested in controlling Egypt? • The Suez Canal connected what two bodies of water? • Explain Social Darwinism in your own words.

8. Homework – read ALL of 14.3 (466 – 471) and take notea • Ota BengaRead article& discuss

9. Chapter 14, Section 2 Empire Building in Africa

10. Africa before Imperialism • Before colonization, Africa was divided into 100s of ethnic groups and languages • Many people practiced traditional religions • Powerful African armies, rough terrain and African-controlled trade networks prevented any European domination. Until…

11. Nations Compete for Overseas Empires • Central Africa Sparks Interest – • Dr. Livingstone (1860s), European guy, went to the Congo looking for the mouth of the Nile • Livingstone stayed in the Congo and other white guys thought he was missing. A guy named Henry Stanley came looking for him. • Stanley found him. • Stanley then convinced the Africans to sign treaties with the Belgians – the Congo River Valley went to King Leopold II of Belgium

12. Hypocritical Leopold • King Leopold from Belgium took over the Congo • Leopold said he wanted to stop the slave trade • Then Leopold exploited the Africans • Other European countries got jealous

13. Native laborers who failed to meet rubber collection quotas were often punished by having their hands cut off • Isn’t the white man awesome?

14. Hypocrisy in the Colonies • King Leopold II – his companies forced Africans to • Complete forced labor • Pay high taxes • Collect sap from rubber plants

15. Cecil Rhodes • Thought Anglo-Saxons were the superior race • Got $$$$ by exploitingAfrican resources

16. Forces Enabling Imperialism • Europeans had a lot of advantages • Better technology – guns etc. • Means to control an empire; railroads, cables, steamers allowed close communication within a colony, and between the colony and the imperializing nation • Europeans found drug to cure malaria (quinine) • Africans lacked weapons and unity

18. Once gold was found in 1867 (in Sudan), and in 1886 (South Africa), the scramble for Africa began • Berlin Conference • 14 European nations met at the Berlin conference in 1884-1885 • No African representative • Agreed that any European nation could claim land in Africa by notifying other nations and by showing control over the area

19. Results of the Berlin Conference • Africa was literally divided up into European colonies • By 1914, Ethiopia and Liberia were the only two African territories free from European control.

20. South Africa • In South Africa, Zulu warriors were led by a guy named Shaka Zulu. • Shaka was awesome • When he died, the Zulu were conquered by the British

21. Three Groups Clash in S. Africa • Africans, Dutch and British all want control of S. Africa • Major fights = Zulu versus the British and Boers (Dutch settlers) vs. the British • Many Boers were forced to move north in the “Great Trek” to avoid the British • Once they got north, the Boers started fighting with the Zulu and other Africans

22. The Boer War • Between the Dutch and the British • First modern “total war” – British burned down Boer farms and imprisoned women and children in concentration camps • Britain won – 1902 the Boer territories were all ceded to the British

23. Boer women and children at a concentration camp