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Image Inpainting

Image Inpainting. Marcelo Bertalmío, Minnesota Guillermo Sapiro, Minnesota Vicent Caselles, Barcelona Coloma Ballester, Barcelona. SIGGRAPH ‘00. Overview. What is image inpainting Related work Digital inpainting Examples Concluding remarks. What is inpainting?.

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Image Inpainting

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  1. Image Inpainting Marcelo Bertalmío, Minnesota Guillermo Sapiro, Minnesota Vicent Caselles, Barcelona Coloma Ballester, Barcelona SIGGRAPH ‘00

  2. Overview • What is image inpainting • Related work • Digital inpainting • Examples • Concluding remarks

  3. What is inpainting? • Modifying an image in a non-detectable form Detail of "Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi" by J. Suvee (Louvre). Taken from Emile-Male “The Restorer’s Handbook of easel painting”.

  4. Photo restoration • Restoration courtesy of D. Henry, Precious Photos Inc.

  5. Object removal • From D. King, “The Commissar vanishes”.

  6. Related work: Films • e.g. Kokaram et al. • Doesn’t work for stills or static objects n-1 n n+1

  7. Related work: Texture synthesis • Hirani, Efros, Heeger, DeBonet, Simoncelli, etc. • Not practical for rich regions • Not designed for structured regions • “Copy” information instead of “learn and interpolate”

  8. Related work: Disocclusion • Masnou-Morel, Nitzberg-Mumford, etc. • Limitations: Topology, angles See also Chan-Shen ‘00

  9. Our Contribution • User only selects region to inpaint • Rich background and topology not an issue • Less than 5 minutes on a PC + =

  10. How conservators inpaint • Minneapolis Institute of Art

  11. Propagate information Evolutionary form Automatic digital inpainting

  12. Digital inpainting (cont’d) • L = smoothness estimator (Laplacian) • N = isophote direction (time variant)

  13. The equation • Plus numerical schemes (Osher) • Boundary conditions • Gray values (in a band) • Directions (in a band)

  14. Example

  15. Example: Text removal

  16. Example: Photo restoration

  17. Example: Special effects

  18. Example: Scratch removal

  19. Example: The evolution

  20. Example: Structure but not texture is reproduced.

  21. Extension: A variational formulation • Solved via E-L: Coupled 2nd order PDE’s • Full theory given • Similar practical results than 3rd order equation See also Chan-Shen ‘00

  22. Concluding remarks • Technique imitates professionals • Key concepts • Information propagation • Both gray values and directions are needed • Use a band surrounding the region • Sharp results • Low complexity • Texture is not reproduced

  23. Concluding remarks (cont.) • Connected to thin film and fluid dynamics (A. Betozzi) • Opens then door to high order PDE’s • Extended to a variational formulation

  24. Acknowledgments • Institute Henri Poincare in Paris, France. • Tom Robbins, Elizabeth Buschor, Santiago Betelú, Stan Osher, Eero Simoncelli, Andrea Bertozzi. • Supported by ONR-Math, ONR Young Investigator Award, Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers, NSF CAREER Award, NSF-LIS, and IIE-Uruguay.

  25. The end Thank you

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