1 / 24

Phylum Arthropoda / Echinodermata

Phylum Arthropoda / Echinodermata. Brought to you by: Kate Lee, Beth Reinert , Christie Currie, and Maggie Gorski. Main Characteristics. Segmented animals Five subphylums : Trilobita , Cehelicerata , Crustacea , Myriapoda , and Hexapoda

aran
Download Presentation

Phylum Arthropoda / Echinodermata

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Phylum Arthropoda/Echinodermata Brought to you by: Kate Lee, Beth Reinert, Christie Currie, and Maggie Gorski

  2. Main Characteristics • Segmented animals • Five subphylums: Trilobita, Cehelicerata, Crustacea, Myriapoda, and Hexapoda • Arthropods include insects, spiders, trilobites, shrimp, lobsters, crabs, etc. • Evolved around 545 million years ago around the same time as chordates evolved

  3. Subphylum Crustacea • Bilateral symmetry • Coeloms • Uses exoskeletons for structure and support • Exoskeleton has three layers and the tough covering is called the carapace. • Most arthropods shed their exoskeleton through a process called molting. • Macrocheirakaempferi (Japanese Spider Crab)

  4. Reproduction & Development • Reproduce sexually through internal fertilization • Aquatic crustaceans use swimmerets that transfer sperm to egg. • The eggs then hatch into a free-swimming larva called a nauplius • Through many series of molting, the nauplius eventually develops into the adult form

  5. Digestion and Excretion • Food passes through a one way digestive tract (mouth to anus). • Uses a digestive gland to mix food with enzymes • Excess water and wastes are eliminated using green glands.

  6. Circulation and Respiration Open circulatory system uses hearts and vessels to transport circulatory fluid throughout the crustacean Uses gills to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide for respiration Nervous System has clusters of ganglia in the brain that controls the body (cephalized) Ganglias throughout the body are connected by a ventral nerve cord

  7. Tissues include heart tissues, nerve tissues, and gill tissues.

  8. Unique Features • Crustaceans use sensory hairs that sense vibrations and chemicals • Can be terrestrial or aquatic • Some crustaceans are up to 4 meters long The goose barnacle (Lepasanatifera) is an aquatic crustacean.

  9. Subphylum Insecta

  10. Classes & Examples • Order Hemiptera(“half wing”); true bugs • Order Homoptera(“like wing”); aphids, mealy bugs, cicadas • Order Isoptera(“equal wing”); termites • Order Odonata(“toothed”); dragonflies, damselflies • Order Orthoptera(“straight wing”); grasshoppers, crickets, katydids • Order Coleoptera(“sheathed wing”); weevils, ladybugs, beetles • Order Coleoptera(“sheathed wing”); weevils, ladybugs, beetles • Order Diptera(“two wing”); mosquitoes, flies, gnats • Order Hymenoptera (“membrane wing”); bees, wasps, and ants • Order Lepidoptera (“scaled wing”); butterflies, moths

  11. Symmetry • Bilateral Symmetry

  12. Body Cavity • The body of an insect is divided into three tagmata: the head, thorax, and abdomen.

  13. Tissues • Brain, Crop, Aorta, Gastric Ceca, Ovary, Heart, Tracheae, Anus, Oviduct, Seminal Receptacle, Hindgut, Malphigian tubules, midgut, Ganglion, Ventral Nerve cord, gizzard, salivary glands, and the esophagus.

  14. Structure & Support • Characteristics of most insects: a body consisting of a head, thorax, and abdomen; a pair of unbranched antennae; three pairs of jointed legs; and two pairs of wings.

  15. Digestion & Excretion • One way digestive tract • Malphigiantubules which collect water and cellular wastes from the hemolymph and produce a very concentrated mixture of wastes that is deposited in the hindgut and leaves the body with the feces.

  16. Circulation & Respiration • Open circulatory system • Insects exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the environment through a complex network of air tubes called trachea.

  17. All insects have separate sexes and reproduce through internal fertilization • Develop either through incomplete metamorphosis Reproduction & Development

  18. Or incomplete metamorphosis

  19. Nervous System • Consists of a brain and a ventral nerve cord with ganglia located in each body segment. • Antennae contain sensory structures that respond to touch and smell. • Three simple eyes function to sense the intensity of light • Two bulging compound eyes provide a wide field of view and can detect movement and form images. • The tympanum detects sounds • Sensory hairs detect touch or movement by vibration

  20. Unique Characteristics • Insect defense: warning coloration, Müllerian mimicry, Batesian mimicry, venomous stingers, spraying noxious chemicals

  21. Insects communicate through pheromone, sound, and light.

  22. Bee Dances • The Waggle Dance • The Round Dance

More Related