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Innovations for a Low-Carbon World

Innovations for a Low-Carbon World. Tom Kalil tkalil@berkeley.edu ITRS 2008 July 16, 2008. Interim Goal. Historical emissions. Stabilization Wedges. Billions of Tons Carbon Emitted per Year. Current path = “ramp ”. 60 GtCO 2 /yr ≈ 16 GtC/yr. 60. Eight “wedges”. 30. Flat path.

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Innovations for a Low-Carbon World

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  1. Innovations for a Low-Carbon World Tom Kalil tkalil@berkeley.edu ITRS 2008 July 16, 2008

  2. Interim Goal Historical emissions Stabilization Wedges Billions of Tons Carbon Emitted per Year Current path = “ramp” 60 GtCO2/yr ≈ 16 GtC/yr 60 Eight “wedges” 30 Flat path 6 0 1950 2000 2050 2100 Source: Robert Socolow

  3. Efficient Use of Fuel Effort needed by 2055 for 1 wedge: Note: 1 car driven 10,000 miles at 30 mpg emits 4 tons of CO2. 2 billion cars driven 10,000 miles per year at 60 mpg instead of 30 mpg. 2 billion cars driven, at 30 mpg, 5,000 instead of 10,000 miles per year.

  4. Cost of Abatement Source: Vattenfall AB, “Global Mapping of Greenhouse Gas Abatement Opportunities”, 2007. 4

  5. Technological Innovation The Helios Project Helios: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory and UC Berkeley's attack on the energy problem

  6. Next-generation Biofuels Source: JBEI

  7. HiPerBRIC HVAC Windows & Lighting Appliances Building Materials Natural Ventilation, Indoor Environment Onsite Power & Heat Thermal & Electrical Storage Building Operating Platform (BOP) Sensors, Communication, Controls, Real-Time Optimization for Cost, Energy Use, CO2 Footprint Building Design Platform (BDP) Tool for Architects to Design New Buildings With Embedded Energy Analysis Source: Arun Majumdar

  8. Microprocessor Racks Data center Data Center Efficiency Research at UCB: Design tool models of energy flow and conversion Exergy aware design and control for components for the entire data center Hewlett Packard redesign saved up to 45% of cooling power use (saving ~$400K/yr in typical center) Tools and strategies to minimize life cycle exergy consumption Efficient solar powered absorption cooling Advanced liquid cooling technologies for servers Key Challenges Growing consumption of power ~ 2 MW each, 10x for future Centers Energy cost of supercomputing becoming prohibitive Cooling consumes half Energy efficient operation Reduce cost and carbon footprint Sustainability: Minimize lifecycle energy resources (exergy) consumed Professor V.P. Carey, vcarey@me.berkeley.edu

  9. Interdisciplinary Innovation Behavioral and Neuroeconomics • Save for Tomorrow -The Power of the Default

  10. Financial Innovation Low Carbon Loans Low Carbon Loans • City of Berkeley is financing solar panels and energy efficiency improvements for property owners • Payback from energy savings

  11. Philanthropic innovation

  12. Business Mission Innovation www.SeriousMaterials.com “The world today produces over 30 billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions per year. We aim, as a company, to save one billion tons, every year, as our contribution.”

  13. Social Innovation Social Innovation www.LiveClimate.org http://www.liveclimate.org/

  14. Customer-led Innovation www.CalCars.org

  15. An Action Agenda on Innovation for Sustainability

  16. Recruit the Bill Gates of Climate and Sustainability

  17. Fund an ARPA for energy

  18. Trends in Energy R&D US DOE Energy RD&D Spending, FY1978-2008 Source: Kelly Gallagher

  19. Climate-change science is being cut Budget Authority in Constant FY2007$ Source: Kei Kozumi, AAAS, 2-07

  20. Build a Social Movement of Leaders 100 Ways to Save the Planet for leaders in business, government, civil society, academia Tithing spend 10-20 percent of your time and capital on some “collective action” problem related to climate and sustainability

  21. Invest in the Next Generation of Innovators Solar Olympics

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