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Argumentation & Debate

Argumentation & Debate. Learning to argue constructively, effectively, and ethically. What is an argument?. What is an argument?. Advancing and supporting claims in an attempt to influence the opinions of others. The Procedural Norms of arguing. The Procedural Norms of arguing.

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Argumentation & Debate

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  1. Argumentation & Debate Learning to argue constructively, effectively, and ethically

  2. What is an argument?

  3. What is an argument? • Advancing and supporting claims in an attempt to influence the opinions of others.

  4. The Procedural Norms of arguing

  5. The Procedural Norms of arguing • Cooperativeness

  6. The Procedural Norms of arguing • Cooperativeness • Bilaterality

  7. The Procedural Norms of arguing • Cooperativeness • Bilaterality • Reflective judgment

  8. Why is arguing frequently regarded as a hostile, rather than a cooperative activity?

  9. Forms of Debate

  10. Forms of Debate • Political debate, public events

  11. Forms of Debate • Political debate, public events • Legal debate

  12. Forms of Debate • Political debate, public events • Legal debate • Parliamentary debate

  13. Forms of Debate • Political debate, public events • Legal debate • Parliamentary debate • Nonformal debate, scholarly debate

  14. Forms of Debate • Political debate, public events • Legal debate • Parliamentary debate • Nonformal debate, scholarly debate • Academic debate

  15. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED)

  16. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED) • ED is free of a particular subject matter

  17. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED) • ED is free of a particular subject matter • ED is a cooperative activity

  18. Assumptions underlying educational debate (ED) • ED is free of a particular subject matter • ED is a cooperative activity • ED depends upon the notion that humans should be rational beings

  19. Why has debate prospered in an educational setting?

  20. Of what importance are the skills of debate to a democratic society?

  21. Values of Educational Debate

  22. Debate provides preparation for effective participation in free society • Voting • The judicial system • Organizational decision-making

  23. Debate offers preparation for leadership

  24. Debate provides for investigation & analysis of significant issues • CETA: Job training • EPA: Nuclear regulation & the environment • Star Wars: A federal program to develop space

  25. Debate develops proficiency in critical thinking • Emphasizes a logical approach • Emphasizes supporting evidence • Emphasizes a critical search for fallacies in reasoning

  26. Debate integrates knowledge areas

  27. Debate develops proficiency in listening

  28. Debate develops proficiency in purposeful inquiry

  29. Debate emphasizes quality teaching • Individual attention to students • Tutorial help • Interactive teaching (give & take) • Immediate feedback to improve performance

  30. Debate promotes student scholarship

  31. Debate develops the ability to make prompt, analytical responses

  32. Debate develops proficiency in writing

  33. Debate encourages mature judgment • See all sides of an issue • Understand how inquiry and analysis can change points of view • Encourages a scientific approach to problem solving

  34. Debate develops courage

  35. Debate encourages effective speech composition and delivery

  36. Debate encourages effective speech composition and delivery But NOT tournament debate!!

  37. Debate develops social maturity • Tolerate disagreement without effect to personal relationships • Accept decisions without argument • Learn to adapt self-expression to a rigid system of rules and time contraints • Learn debate manners • Learn the value of teamwork

  38. Debate Formats Debate can be either team (2 person) debate or Lincoln Douglas (individual) debate.

  39. Lincoln Douglas debate Most often involves questions of value rather than policy--more on that later…

  40. Affirmative Constructive 6 minutes Cross examination 3 minutes Negative Constructive 7 minutes Cross examination 3 minutes Affirmative rebuttal 4 minutes Negative rebuttal 6 minutes Affirmative rebuttal 3 minutes

  41. Standard Debate 1st AFF Constructive 10 minutes 1st NEG Constructive 10 minutes 2nd AFF Constructive 10 minutes 2nd NEG Constructive 10 minutes 1st NEG Rebuttal 5 minutes 1st AFF Rebuttal 5 minutes 2nd NEG Rebuttal 5 minutes 2nd AFF Rebuttal 5 minutes

  42. Cross-examination Debate Same as standard except that each constructive is followed by a cross examination period and time limits for all speeches are slightly reduced.

  43. Preparation Time Prep time is an expendable resource that allows debaters to take time-out before speeches in order to prepare.

  44. Typical abbreviations • 1AC First affirmative constructive • 2NC Second negative constructive • 2NR Second negative rebuttal • CX Cross examination

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