US IMMIGRATION

1. US IMMIGRATION Created by Mr. Steve Hauprich for acceleration and remediation of US History students Historical context US immigration has often been greatest during times of rapid US economic growth, helping agriculture, manufacturing, and service sectors increase output.

2. Thesis Statement While immigration patterns led US society to greater cultural pluralism, patterns of assimilation and acculturation were often impeded (slowed) by forces of nativism, xenophobia, and ethnocentrism.

3. Early settlers from England came primarily to farm the landand escape religious strife.

4. African and Caribbean people were forced into labor, in horrific exploitation based on greed, prejudice, and power.

5. …The resulting society in North America was one divided by ethnocentric views of culture…with Native American Indians trying to defend their ways of life… as various Euro-American groups developed new enterprises …built by new immigrant and slave labor.

6. Irish Immigration in mid-1800’s was controversial due to the immigrants’ Catholic religion and alleged social vices… i.e. drinking and fighting

7. Anativistgroup(anti-immigrant) the know nothings …were organizedopposing new Catholic immigrants from Ireland and Germany.

8. Due to concerns over problems of social and cultural mixing…Catholics built many private schools and colleges …attempting to avoid conflicts and tension with the Protestant majority in the US …”pluralism”… was growing

9. The next great wave of Nativist reaction was the yellow peril…leading to the infamous 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act… immigration restrictionsbased on ethnocentrism and racism .

10. American city neighborhoods known as Chinatowns developed… separated cultural groups of immigrants maintaining traditional language and customs …pluralism… was growing

11. Xenophobia is FEAR of strangers…

12. Xenophobia was experienced by many immigrants when they arrived in US cities … and by nativist Americans when they ventured into the new ethnic neighborhoods growing in cities across the land.

13. Asa result of growing distrust among groups of Americans…each new wave of immigration seemed to result in more ethnic neighborhoods… However, there was Melting pot assimilation occurring through intermarriage… and where neighborhood boundaries were less distinct.

15. Acculturation is learning and adapting to the predominant culture in a given society…in the USA this means… the English language, English measurements, seatbelt laws, helmet laws, driving on the right, American Football, Church, school , police , riding buses, learning slang, etc…

16. US immigrants acculturated primarily through education and experiences in the work place.

17. In 1925 the KKK staged the largest Nativist demonstration in US History… the 1920’s saw new immigration restrictions …favoring WASP groups …over all others

18. The Sacco and Vanzetti Trial of the 1920’s was criticized as unfair, due to nativist prejudices that characterized the decade.

19. Immigration restrictions imposed in the 1920’s would not be lifted until the 1960’s… when “ability”,rather than“national origin”… would determine immigration status.

20. Diversity has long existed in America… …only in more recent history has it been fully appreciated… and immigration continues to flow.

21. ___1. Which social practice has done the most to assimilate immigrants into American culture? 1 educating immigrant children in public schools2 housing immigrants in tenements3 making low-cost medical care available4 forming ethnic neighborhoods in cities ___2. One similarity between the Know-Nothings and the Ku Klux Klan is that both 1 opposed the spread of communism2 exposed abuses in big business and government3 believed the problems of society were caused by the growth of labor unions4 fostered resentment against minority groups in American society

22. ___3. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, most nativists feared continuedimmigration to the United States because they believed that immigrants would 1 become the dominant groups in colleges and universities2 lead anti-government protests3 obtain the best farmland4 work for cheaper wages ___4. A primary aim of United States immigration policy in the 1920's was to 1 encourage immigration of well-educated and wealthy persons2 increase the number of immigrants from Asia and Latin America3 limit immigration from southern and eastern European nations4 help solve the World War I refugee problem

23. ___5. Which group in the United States presented the strongest opposition to unlimited immigration during the late 19th century? 1 steel-producing industrialists2 steamship company owners3 recent immigrants4 organized labor ___6. The Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen's Agreement, and the  National Origins Act all show that at times the United States 1 opposed the principle of open immigration2 supported the restriction of immigration from western Europe3 encouraged immigrants who would provide cheap labor4 favored immigration from all parts of the world

24. ___7. The Chinese Exclusion Act, the Gentlemen's Agreement, and the National Origins Acts are all examples of 1 attempts to encourage scientists and intellectuals to settle in the United States2 efforts to end immigration from Latin America3 discriminatory immigration policies of the United States4 programs to promote cultural diversity in the United States ___8. The Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) and the Gentlemen's Agreement with Japan(1907) are examples of 1 international humanitarian programs2 actions that reflected widespread nativist sentiment3 successful negotiations to encourage trade4 United States attempts to stay out of foreign wars

25. "Between Halsted Street and the river live about ten thousand Italians.... To the south on Twelfth Street are many Germans, and side streets are given over almost entirely to Polish  and Russian Jews. Still farther south, these Jewish colonies merge into a huge Bohemian colony.“ ___9. Which term most accurately applies to the situation described by Jane Addams? 1 social mobility         3 cultural pluralism2 populism                 4 individualism

26. "Year of the Rat Celebrated in Chinatown""St. Patrick's Day Parade Draws a Crowd of 10,000""Martin Luther King Day Recognized in Schools Across the United States“ ___10. Which characteristic of United States society is illustrated by these headlines? 1 nativism                  3 urbanization2 social mobility         4 cultural pluralism