Human Dimensions (HARC)

1. Human Dimensions (HARC)

2. Human Dimensions • A clear design for investigation of the interactions and feedbacks among the human and the biophysical systems • Interdisciplinary - linking social and biophysical sciences • Situated in the context of global/arctic environmental change

3. Human Dimensions Research is Not • Community participation • Integration of TEK/LEK • Outreach • Education • All involves humans • All can be part of HD research but these are not research activities…..

4. Highest Priority Key Unknowns • Ways that human activity in the Arctic affects the Arctic system. • global activity is a factor in climate change, but what effects are humans in the Arctic having on the system in which they are part. • Ways that humans in the Arctic are responding to system change. • We know something about various adaptations and changes in behavior, but not nearly enough • Ways that Arctic change is affecting humans outside the Arctic.

5. Key Questions • How have and how will Arctic peoples and institutions adapt to variable environmental conditions, to fluctuating resources, and to changes in the political and economic milieu?(Adaptation) • How has and how does human agency modify the present and future state of Arctic social-ecological systems?(Feedbacks) • In the face of multi-dimensional global changes, how will the resilience of the Arctic system change and what policies and practices will lead to greater resilience within the pan-arctic and its subregions?(Resilience) • How do changes in the arctic system relate to and impact the broader global system? (Teleconnections)

6. Primary goals • Quantitative social indicators • Time series HD data • Time series interpretations of HD data • Expansion of HD research beyond the local scale • Model building to develop understanding of the behavior(s) of the human component of the system and to explore the implications of behavioral change on a system-wide scale

7. HARC Research Fills GAPS • HARC research to date has helped show that human activity in the Arctic may indeed be a factor that needs to be considered. • HARC research has also showed ways that humans have responded to climate change in the north.

8. NSF Supported ResearchPaleo • The Kuril Biocomplexity Project: Human Vulnerability and Resilience to Subarctic Change (http://depts.washington.edu/ikip/index.html Ben Fitzhugh fitzhugh@u.washington.edu, U of Washington • Subsistence Choices, Mercury Bioaccumulation, and Ecosystem Change: A Long-term View from the Gulf of Alaska Maribeth S. Murray, ffmsm@uaf.edu U of Alaska Fairbanks • Complex Ecosystem Interactions Over Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales: The Biocomplexity of Sanak Island Herbert D.G. Maschner maschner@isu.edu Idaho State

9. NSF Supported ResearchPaleo • Zooarchaeology & Human Ecodynamics in Northern Iceland and Faroe Islands (ARC/OPP) Thomas McGovern nabo@voicenet.com CUNY Hunter College • "Warm Times, Cold Times:-Quantitative Reconstructions of Near-Shore Environments Over the Last 2000 Years in Vestfirdir, NW Iceland: Natural Changes and Human Responses (ARC/OPP) John Andrews andrewsj@Colorado.edu U of Colorado • Shetland Islands Climate and Settlement Project: Historical Ecology and Archaeology of Fragile Coastal Environments (ARC/OPP – SGER) Gerald Bigelow archresearch@suscom-maine.ne U of Maine

10. NSF Supported Research Human/Rangifer/Terrestrial Systems • Heterogeneity and Resilience of Human-Rangifer Systems: A Circumpolar Social-Ecological Synthesis (ARC/OPP) http://www.rap.uaf.edu/kofinas/HRS/index.htm Gary Kofinas, ffgpk@uaf.edu University of Alaska Fairbanks • Reindeer Herding in Transition: Feedbacks Between Climate, Caribou, and Local Communities in Northwest Alaska Knut Kielland ffkk@uaf.edu, U Alaska Fairbanks • Fire-Mediated Changes in the Arctic System: Interactions of Changing Climate and Human Activities F. Stuart Chapin terry.chapin@uaf.edu U Alaska Fairbanks

11. NSF Supported ResearchHuman/Coastal/Marine/Sea Ice • Collaborative Research: Environmental Variability, Bowhead Whale Distributions, and Inupiat Subsistence Whaling - Linkages and Resilience of an Alaskan Coastal System • Robert Campbell campbell@gso.uri.edu, University of Rhode Island • Wieslaw Maslowski maslowsk@ucar.edu, Naval Post Graduate School • Carin Ashjian cashjian@whoi.edu, Woods Hole • Stephen Okkonen okkonen@alaska.net, University of Alaska Fairbanks • BE/CNH: An Integrated Investigation of Coupled Human and Sea-Ice Systems: A Comparison of Changing Environments and Their Uses in the North American Arctic • Roger Barry rbarry@kryos.colorado.edu • An Integrated Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Variability on the Alaskan North Slope Coastal Region James Maslanik james.maslanik@colorado.edu

12. Current ResearchHuman/Freshwater/Watershed Systems • Collaborative Research: Humans and Hydrology at High Latitudes (ARC/OPP) • Daniel White ffdmw@uaf.edu U Alaska Fairbanks • Richard Lammers Richard.Lammers@unh.edu, U New Hampshire • Dangerous Ice, Part 2 (ARC/OPP) William Schneider ffwss@uaf.edu U Alaska Fairbanks • COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Applications of Interactive Integrated Assessment and Modeling to Design Sustainable Development Strategies for Arctic Watersheds (Phase 2) (ARC/OPP) • Robert Wheelersburg wheelersburg@etown.edu • Alexey Voinov alexey.voinov@uvm.edu

13. Current Research Risk/Uncertainty/Decision Making • Search, Learning and Dynamic Choice under Uncertainty: An Empirical Analysis of Alaskan Halibut Fishermen (SBS/SBE) Quinn Weninger weninger@iastate.edu • DRU Research Community Development Proposal: Workshop on Climate, Uncertainty, and Multilateral Management of Harvested Highly-Migratory Marine Fish Stocks (OCE/GEO) Kathleen Miller kathleen@ucar.edu • Migration in the Arctic: Subsistence, Jobs, and Well-Being in Urban and Rural Communities Terry Huskey aflh@uaa.alaska.edu U Alaska Anchorage

14. CR - Methods and Education • Traditional Knowledge Transect: Engaging Communities in Discussions of Environmental Change through a Dog Sled Expedition Across Northeastern Alaska (ARC/OPP) Henry Huntington hph@alaska.net, Eagle River Alaska • Indigenous Knowledge Systems Research Colloquium (ARC/OPP) Raymond Barnhardt ffrjb@uaf.edu U of Alaska Fairbanks • Doctoral Dissertation Research: Expanding Collaboration on Climate Change Issues: Scientific and Inupiat Eskimo Communities in Northern Alaska Ralph Keeling rkeeling@ucsd.edu(Principal Investigator) Tegan Blaine (Co-PI) • Circle of Knowledge on Climate, Weather and Environmental Change: A Community-based Research Project with the Koyukon Athabascan Communities along the Koyukuk River in Alaska Shannon McNeeley smcneele@ucar.edu, U of Colorado

15. CR – Methods and Education • Collaborative Research: Investigating Ecological Change in the Nearshore Kotzebue Sound Ecosystem: Simultaneous Application of Traditional and Scientific Ecological Knowledge • Stephen Jewett jewett@ims.uaf.edu U of Alaska Fairbanks • Jeffrey Johnson johnsonje@mail.ecu.edu, E Carolina U • William Ambrose wambrose@abacus.bates.edu, Bates College • Social-Ecological Resilience, Sustainability, and the Future of Remote Resource Dependent Communities Lilian Alessa afla@uaa.alaska.edu, U Alaska Anchorage • Sustainability and Stewardship in Alaska S. Craig Gerlach, ffscg@uaf.edu, U Alaska Fairbanks

16. Future Directions

17. Emerging Trends • Derived from perusal of conference papers and posters presented in various disciplinary, interdisciplinary, regional and global contexts

18. Trends in Paleo HD Research • Increasing inter-disciplinarity because of a focus on complex system analysis • Incorporation of LEK • Focus on downscale feedbacks and interactions as opposed to drivers of change • Merging with other paleo research programs for development of new proxies • Development of HD research programs in the Arctic and high Arctic

19. Policy Area • Role of institutions in causing and mitigating arctic/global environmental problems • Role of arctic residents in national and international arctic/global change policy development • Role of the Arctic Council in managing and planning for arctic/global change (using the Antarctic Treaty System as a model)

20. Trends in HD Research Health • Fatality rates and links to arctic/global change • Changes in disease types, invasive infectious diseases, parasites etc. • Links among arctic change, industrial development contaminant pathways, exposure rates, and human security • Food security in the context of Arctic change (farming, agriculture, subsistence, industrial)

21. Development and Arctic Change • Synergies among climate change, land use change, and social change • Rural and urban linkages • Development at the marine/terrestrial interface

22. Convergence of Methods • Multivariate time plots to integrate qualitative data across disciplines and data derived from LK/TK • Socio-ecological hotspot mapping • Integrated modeling • Standardization • Linking to global human dimensions research agenda and research methods

23. What else… • Engaging with geographers and political scientists – driving forces in the global HD research community • General trends in HD research vary at the international level (i.e. policy heavy, LEK focus, more or less integrated, etc.) • Much innovative inter-disciplinary research is unfunded or funded at low levels

24. Funding Priorities • How human activities in the Arctic affect the system. • Possibly a substantial component of change, especially locally & regionally. • Local and regional-scale field work • analysis and modeling and synthesis • How Arctic climate change affects people. • needs to includes both people in the Arctic and beyond. • some field studies (Arctic) • more analysis/modeling as well as synthesis (global).