Radio Operator's Training

1. Radio Operator's Training British Columbia Forest ServiceMinistry of Forests

2. Provided by Rick Slamp Superintendent of Electronics Kamloops Forest Region Modified for Province-Wide use by RADIO OPERATIONSMinistry of Forests Information Management Group Victoria, B.C.

3. Overall authority for radio use in Canada. Allocates frequencies. Supervises licensing. Issues directives and regulations. Monitors activities to ensure compliance with Radio Act. Industry Canada

4. May operate any land or mobile station. EXCEPTIONS A station performing an aeronautical service. A station performing a maritime service. A mobile station installed in an aircraft. A mobile station installed on board a ship. Regulations - The holder of a Certificate

5. Require only simple Push To Talk (PTT) Have power output <= 250 watts. All frequencies are pre-set within the radio. Regulations - Radios MUST:

6. CERTIFICATES Radiotelephone operator's restricted certificates are issued for life and no revalidation is required.

7. All persons are bound to preserve the secrecy of correspondence. Does NOT apply to distress, urgency, or safety. Does NOT apply to messages addressed to 'ALL STATIONS' Penalty not exceeding $2,500, Or to imprisonment not exceeding twelve months, Or both.... Secrecy of Communications

8. STRICTLY PROHIBITED! Profane or Obscene language

9. Communications should be restricted to that necessary for the transmission of authorized messages. Violators are liable, upon conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000 and costs, Or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months. Superfluous Communications

10. All radio stations must be licensed. Must be posted near the radio equipment. Specifies the call sign of the station Specifies the frequencies to be used. Radio Station Licences

11. Radio Station Licences • Any person who establishes a radio station without the benefit of a radio licence is liable, on summary conviction, to: • A penalty of up to $2,500 • Or... to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months.

12. All radios shall be installed and operated so as not to interfere with or interrupt another radio station. The only exception is to transmit a higher priority call. For example, distress, urgency or safety. Interference & Jamming

13. Interference & Jamming • Any person who interferes with or obstructs any radio communication is liable, upon conviction, to: • A fine not exceeding $2,500 and costs, • Or... to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months, • Or both....

14. Any person who transmits or causes to be transmitted any false distress signal, is guilty of an offence. Upon conviction the offender is liable to a fine not exceeding $2,500 and costs, Or, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding twelve months, Or both.... False Distress Signals

15. Fine Term Profanity $1,000 6 Months. Secrecy $2,500 12 MO. Interference $2,500 12 MO. False Distress $2,500 12 MO. Licence $2,500 12 MO. Summary of Penalties OR AND/OR AND/OR AND/OR OR

16. Discuss private affairs Voice opinions of employees. Make detrimental remarks. Discuss salaries or appointments. Employer Operating Policy 'DON'T:' • Mention bids, quotes, or contract prices. • Say anything to discredit your employer. • Discuss anything other than the official business at hand.

17. Keep the rate of speech constant, Not too fast nor too slow. Preserve the rhythm of ordinary conversation. Separate words so that they are not run together. Avoid unnecessary sounds such as 'er' and 'um' between words. Speech Transmission Techniques

18. The twenty-four hour clock should be used to express time. Time should be expressed by means of four figures, The first two digits represent the hour past midnight. The last two digits represent the minutes past the hour. Time and Date

19. Time Examples 12:45 a.m. is expressed as 0045 12:00 noon is expressed as 1200 11:45 p.m. is expressed as 2345 12:00 midnight is expressed as 2400 or 0000 1:30 a.m. is expressed as 0130 1:45 p.m. is expressed as 1345

20. Time is usually referenced to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) (formerly referred to as Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)) to avoid confusion between different time zones. When operations are conducted solely in one time zone, standard or local time may be used. Where the date, as well as the time of day, is required, a six figure group should be used. The first two figures indicate the day of the month and the following four figures indicate the time. Time and Date

21. J - Juliet K - Kilo L - Lima M - Mike N - November O - Oscar P - Papa Q - Quebec R - Romeo Phonetic Alphabet A- Alpha B - Bravo C - Charlie D - Delta E - Echo F - Foxtrot G - Golf H - Hotel I - India S - Sierra T - Tango U - Uniform V - Victor W - Whisky X - Xray Y - Yankee Z - Zulu

22. Phonetic Alphabet

23. Phonetic Alphabet

24. Phonetic Alphabet

25. Phonetic Alphabet

26. Phonetic Alphabet

27. Phonetic Alphabet

28. Phonetic Alphabet

29. Phonetic Alphabet

30. Phonetic Alphabet

31. All numbers except whole thousands should be transmitted by pronouncing each digit separately. Whole thousands should be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of thousands followed by the word 'thousand'. Transmission of Numbers

32. Transmission of Numbers - Examples 10 becomes one zero 75 becomes seven five 100 becomes one zero zero 5,800 becomes five eight zero zero 11,000 becomes one one thousand 68,009 becomes six eight zero zero nine

33. Numbers containing a decimal point shall be transmitted with the decimal point indicated by the word 'decimal'. Example - 121.5 becomes - one two one decimal five Transmission of Numbers - Decimal Point

34. Transmission of Numbers - Money • Monetary denominations, when transmitted with groups of digits, should be transmitted in the sequence in which they are written. • Examples - • $17.25 becomes - dollars one seven decimal two five • .75 becomes - seven five cents

35. In communications between a base station and a mobile station, the base station has controlof communications in matters relating to: The order and time of transmission. The choice of frequency. The duration and suspension of work. This does notapply in the cases of distress or urgency communications, Control of Communications

36. A call sign is assigned to base stations. Should be used at least when initial contact is being established and again when the communication is concluded. In cases of mobile stations and hand-held units, a readily recognizable identifier such as fleet car or truck number should be used. Call Signs

37. Call Signs - Examples Base Stations CJM702 XLT76 Kamloops Mobile Stations Car five one Expressway one four two

38. Before transmitting, listen for a period of time to ensure that your transmission will not cause harmful interference to calls already in progress. If such interference seems likely... WAIT for the channel to clear. Distress, urgency or safety communications are entitled to interrupt a transmission of lower priority. Calling Procedures

39. The identity of the station being called is alwaysspoken first, followed by the words'THIS IS' and your own station identifier. Single Station Call 1. Call sign of the station called. 2. The words THIS IS'. 3. Call sign of the station calling. 4. Invitation to reply. <= 3 times

40. FREIGHTWAY TWO FIVE ZERO THIS IS FREIGHTWAY MONTREAL XMT FIVE NINE OVER XMV FIVE EIGHT THREE THIS IS XLT SEVEN SIX OVER Single Station Call - Examples

41. If it is desired to call more than one station simultaneously, the call signs of the stations may be transmitted in any convenient sequence preceding the words “THIS IS”. Multiple Station Call

42. Multiple Station Call - Examples RED LINE CABS ONE TWO, THREE FOUR, FIVE SIX THIS IS XMV FIVE EIGHT THREE OVER XLR TWO NINE, XLR THREE ZERO, XMN THREE EIGHT THIS IS XMV FIVE EIGHT THREE OVER

43. When a mobile wishes to establish communication with any station within range, or within a certain area, the call should be made as follows: General Call 1. General call ( <= 3 times). 2. The words 'THIS IS'. 3. Call sign of the station calling ( <= 3 times). 4. Invitation to reply.

44. An operator hearing a call directed to their station shall reply as soon as possible. Advise the calling station to proceed with their message with the words 'GO AHEAD'. When an operator hears a call but is uncertain that the call is intended for their station, they should WAIT until the call has been repeated and is understood. Replying

45. If the station is not ready to receive the message, the operator should reply to the call and advise the calling station to 'STAND BY', followed by the anticipated number of minutes of delay. Not Ready to Receive ? DO NOT JUST IGNORE THE CALL IF YOU'RE BUSY !

46. Aircraft Bird Dog 007 At the speeds aircraft travel, a delay in answering their call (even a minute) can result in the plane or helicopter moving a great distance and affecting your ability to communicate with them. Please give aircraft a higher priority when responding to calls.

47. When an error has been made in transmission, the word 'CORRECTION' should be spoken, and the last correct word or phrase repeated and the correct version transmitted. Corrections

48. Repetitions If the receiving station desires repetition of a message, the operator should request it by using the words 'SAY AGAIN'. EXAMPLE SAY AGAIN ALL BEFORE .... (first word satisfactorily received) SAY AGAIN .... (word before missing portion) to .... (word after missing portion) SAY AGAIN ALL AFTER .... (last word satisfactorily received).

49. Radio (or Signal) Checks When your radio requires a radio check, follow this procedure: • 1. Call another station and request a radio check. • 2. The radio check consists of : • “RADIO CHECK 1,2,3,4,5. • HOW DO YOU READ ME? OVER.” • 3. Your call sign should be transmitted during test transmissions. • 4. Radio checks should not last more than 10 seconds.

50. Radio (or Signal) Checks When replying to a radio check, the following readability scale should be used: 1. Bad (unreadable) 2. Poor (readable now and then) 3. Fair (readable but with difficulty) 4. Good (readable) 5. Excellent (perfectly readable)