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Increasing Genetic Uniformity in Mixed Herds

Increasing Genetic Uniformity in Mixed Herds. The Beast. Typical herd Heinz 57 No planned breeding program Purchase cheapest calving-ease bull Obvious inefficiency issues The Problem: How do we efficiently market our product?. Effective Marketing. Begins with a KNOWN product Birth Date

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Increasing Genetic Uniformity in Mixed Herds

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  1. Increasing Genetic Uniformity in Mixed Herds

  2. The Beast • Typical herd • Heinz 57 • No planned breeding program • Purchase cheapest calving-ease bull • Obvious inefficiency issues • The Problem: • How do we efficiently market our product?

  3. Effective Marketing • Begins with a KNOWN product • Birth Date • Genetics • Proven performance (herd history) • If you KNOW how your cattle will perform you and your marketing agent will be better equipped to capture the true value of your cattle.

  4. An Example

  5. The Value of Known Genetics in the Hillwinds Cow Herd

  6. Artificial Insemination • Use High Quality/Proven Bulls • Better Daily Gains • Improve Carcass Traits • Higher Quality Replacement Heifers

  7. Estrus Synchronization • Breed in Short Timeframe • Increase Pregnancy Rate by 2% adds $11.60 • Fewer Assisted Births: 1.3% AI sired versus 2.9% Natural Service • Lower Death Loss: 3.5% AI sired versus 5.5% Natural Service. Adds $12.21 in value • Shorten Calving Season: 87% to calve in first thirty days • Increase Calf Age by 16 days overall; AI sired calves are on average 27 days older

  8. Spring Calving Pregnancy Check Group % Bred AI % Preg AI Overall Preg %

  9. Weaning Weight Comparison Group Average Weight Age WDA AI on AI 747 lbs 230 days 2.92 AI on Non-AI 691 lbs. 223 days 2.76 Non-AI on AI 720 lbs. 205 days 3.15 Non-AI on Non-AI 625 lbs. 195 days 2.82 Overall 677 lbs. 214 days 2.81

  10. Feedlot Performance Comparison Group Live Wt DOF ADG AI on AI 1373 lbs 165 3.79 AI on Non-AI 1310 lbs 165 3.75 Non-AI on AI 1273 lbs 170 3.25 Non-AI on Non-AI 1258 lbs 180 3.52 Overall 1297 lbs 170 3.71

  11. Group Ch or > Pr CAB Se YG 1 YG 2 YG 3 YG 4 Carcass Performance Spring 2004 Steers

  12. Net Return/Cow 2004 Spring Steers

  13. The Value of ESAI at Hillwinds A steer calf that is AI on AI compared to a non-AI calf is worth $78.18 more at weaning and $145.27 more if retained to harvest. An AI calf on a non-AI cow compared to non-AI on non-AI is worth $38.54 more at weaning and $64.31 at harvest. Calves that are non-AI on AI versus non-AI on non-AI are $53.59 more valuable at weaning and $69.24 higher at slaughter.

  14. The cost for ESAI is: Semen $12/straw Prostaglandin $2.15/5 cc Dose GnRH $4 for 2 doses @ 1 ¼ cc Chute/Heat Detection $6/cow Insemination $2.50/cow $26.65 $26.65/.65 estimated AI pregnancy rate = $41 per AI pregnant cow

  15. Cost to Breed a Cow Natural Service Purchase cost $3,000/bull Salvage value of bull $900/bull $2,100/Bull Number of breeding seasons 4 years Number of cows exposed 40 hd/year (Fall and Spring) Bull Cost/Cow Exposed $13.13 Bull Maintenance Cost Feed, Vet, Housing $450/yr or $11.25 $24.38 $24.38/.90 pregnancy rate$27.09/natural service pregnant cow

  16. Advanced Master CattlemanImproving Performance Using ESAI

  17. Cattlemen Wanted More • Approached by Rick Greenwell and Ron Bowman • Cattlemen in their counties felt that their calves were worth more than typical CPH calves and wanted to develop or determine a method to capture that value. • PROBLEM: Mixed Herds! No records! No experience! HIGH risk! Critical Mass!

  18. Cattlemen Wanted More • Solution • Control the sire-side genetics by using ESAI • Side benefit of improving reproductive performance. • Shorten calving seasons • Reduce risk of failure

  19. 6-Day Heifer System Timed insemination (72 h) and GnRH PG GnRH CIDR M T W Th F Sa Su M T Day of Treatment

  20. Cow System Timed insemination (60 h) and GnRH PG GnRH CIDR M T W Th F Sa Su M T W Th Day of Treatment

  21. Bulls Used • Washington/Marion/Nelson/Hardin • GAR Predestined, Angus • #1 bull in the breed for $Beef • Moderate frame • Moderate milk • Felton’s Legend, Polled Hereford • #1 bull in breed for marbling • Calving ease; ideal for replacement females

  22. Bulls Used • Others • SS Objective, Angus • Calving ease, 65# WW, 125# YW • High $Beef • Low $Energy, (high milk!) • N Bar Primetime/Basin Rainmaker, Angus • Calving ease, 30-35# WW, 60-65# YW • Low $Beef • High $Energy

  23. Preliminary Accomplishments • Bred approximately 2500 females • 60% AI rate • Range: 20-78% • Three farms bombed, rest were good • Weighed first set of calves • Objective calves were 38# heavier than Rainmaker calves. Herd bull was heavier than Rainmaker but 8 pounds lighter than Obj.

  24. What if You Want More

  25. Resynch Heat and AI Heat and AI GnRH PG CIDR CIDR 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 Day of Treatment

  26. Resynch Results Percentage

  27. Why Would I Want to Do This? • >80% of your cows/heifers will calve in 30 days to a proven sire • Increase the number of calves sired by proven genetics that can hit your target markets (i.e. carcass grids) and add value to product • Approximately $150 added revenue per calf if utilize targeted marketing • No bulls? • Help with critical mass?

  28. Summary • ESAI is an option for producers wanting the next step in marketing. • Returns could be greatly increased if producers take advantage of added value of their product • Key: Identify your target and breed to hit that target

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