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WaterBase Free, Open Source Software for Integrated Water Resources Management

WaterBase Free, Open Source Software for Integrated Water Resources Management. Chris George and Luis Leon. WaterBase. Drought Flood Pollution Water-borne disease Sediment Water quality …. It’s not just for drinking …. Litres of water needed to make: 1 litre of petrol 2.5

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WaterBase Free, Open Source Software for Integrated Water Resources Management

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  1. WaterBaseFree, Open Source Software for Integrated Water Resources Management Chris George and Luis Leon

  2. WaterBase • Drought • Flood • Pollution • Water-borne disease • Sediment • Water quality • …

  3. It’s not just for drinking … Litres of water needed to make: • 1 litre of petrol 2.5 • 1 litre of biofuel 1000 • 1 cotton T-shirt 2700 • 1 kilo of wheat 4000 • 1 kilo of beef 16000 Wealthier people “consume” 3000 litres per day

  4. WaterBase • Water management is critical • Must be at basin level • Based on public/private partnership • Requires • Expertise • Information • Modelling + Decision support • Community involvement

  5. Modelling River Basins • Terrain (shape of the land) • Soil • Landuse (vegetation) • Climate (rainfall, temperature, humidity, …) • Model – a computer program that can simulate the natural processes involved • Expertise

  6. DEM = 90m SRTM (srtm.csi.cgiar.org) • Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission • World wide coverage (V3 pit filled) Resources: Available WWW Data Tile download Direct FTP Download

  7. Land = GLCF (glcf.umiacs.umd.edu) • Global Land Cover Classification • Satellite raster (1km resolution) Resources: Available WWW Data

  8. Soil = FAO/UNESCO(www.fao.org) • Digital Soil Map of the World • 1:5 000 000 (raster 5x5 arc-minute) Resources: Available WWW Data

  9. Model Philosophy • Readily available input • Physically based • Computer efficient • Comprehensive – Process Interactions • Simulate Management

  10. Upland Processes • Weather • Hydrology • Sedimentation • Plant Growth • Nutrient Cycling • Pesticide Dynamics • Management • Bacteria

  11. Management • Crop Rotations • Removal of Biomass as Harvest/ Conversion of Biomass to Residue • Tillage / Biomixing of Soil • Fertilizer Applications • Grazing • Pesticide Applications • Irrigation • Subsurface (Tile) Drainage • Water Impoundment (e.g. Rice)

  12. Management • Urban Areas • Pervious/Impervious Areas • Street Sweeping • Lawn Chemicals • Edge of Field Buffers

  13. WaterBase • Support for Integrated Water Resources Management • Using free, open source software • An international network of users and developers

  14. Why Open Source? • Free • Secure: no supplier dependence • Encourages involvement and sense of ownership; internationalization • Support network via internet • High quality • Good maintenance • Open standards; interoperability • Examples: Linux; Apache; GRASS; …

  15. WaterBase Three phases: • First tool available: MWSWAT • Network of partners (current) • Seek funding for development of • Tools • Training materials and technical documentation on the internet • Data repository design and implementation

  16. First tool: MWSWAT • Based on MapWindow GIS system http://www.mapwindow.com • Uses SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) http://www.brc.tamus.edu/swat • Distribution: internet and DVD

  17. Preparation for SWAT • Start with a DEM, a Digital Elevation Map (a grid, or 2-D array, of heights). This DEM has some 3.4 million values, 83.3m apart.

  18. Preparation for SWAT 2. Calculate stream reaches. (Uses David Tarboton’s Taudem software.).

  19. Preparation for SWAT 3. Mark outlet(s) and calculate sub-basins

  20. Preparation for SWAT 4. Add landuse map (another grid). Here resolution roughly 10 times DEM’s.

  21. Preparation for SWAT • Add soil map (another grid). Here resolution roughly 80 times DEM’s.

  22. Preparation for SWAT 6. Calculate HRUs: Hydrological Response Units: unique combinations of sub-basin, landuse, soil and slope. Small ones omitted using thresholds. (Here 79 retained from 326.)

  23. Preparation for SWAT 7. Add weather data from weather stations (can be automatic) and weather generator. 8. Set start and end dates, and some SWAT parameters. 9. Write SWAT input files (here 620) and database tables. 10. (Optionally) edit SWAT input files and tables. 11. Run SWAT. 12. Examine SWAT outputs.

  24. SWAT Outputs • Runs typically over several years • Inputs and outputs (daily/monthly/yearly) per subbasin • Water flow • Sediments • Nutrients • etc

  25. Model Output Reach file output.rch • Output: • Extract from reach output • Outlet at any sub-basin (swat2dat utility) • Import (i.e. spreadsheet) & plot

  26. Scenarios • Typical use will be “what if we change …” • Temperatures • Rainfall patterns • Water management (reservoirs; sewage treatment; …) • Landuse (urban development; plant trees; cultivate new areas; …) • Crop management (crop type; tillage practices; …) • Identify hotspots

  27. Thanks to... • David Lam & David Swayne (NWRI & UG) • Daniel Ames, Chris Michaelis, & Allen Anselmo (MapWindow Team) • Raghavan Srinivasan (SWAT) • Gary Bowen (TRCA) • Karim Abbaspour (EAWAG) • Dagny Janowska (BIAD)

  28. Join us! http://www.waterbase.org waterbase.contact@waterbase.org

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