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Architecture

Architecture. Cathedrals. Tall, grand stone church France- Gothic style (1200) Built in the shape of a cross. Cathedrals . Main church of a diocese Bishops, nobles, and townspeople contributed money Often took 30 years or more to build . Romanesque. Started around 1000

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Architecture

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  1. Architecture

  2. Cathedrals • Tall, grand stone church • France- Gothic style (1200) • Built in the shape of a cross

  3. Cathedrals • Main church of a diocese • Bishops, nobles, and townspeople contributed money • Often took 30 years or more to build

  4. Romanesque • Started around 1000 • Large stone churches • Influence of Roman architecture (round arches, pillars..)

  5. Stained Glass • Highly skilled and expensive art • Usually depicted scenes of Christ or of Saints

  6. Innovations • Read “Cathedrals of Light” on page 323 and answer the following question in a small paragraph • Explain how Gothic builders were able to construct tall cathedrals that appeared light and bright inside. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ra2t3S8jp8w

  7. The Medieval Castle • Built for protection rather than comfort • Early castles were simple (two rooms- a lower hall and a private chamber) • In the great hall, the king or lord received guests-food and entertainment

  8. Not so great… • The stone walls were thick and damp • No windows, but narrow slits let in light • No chimneys, so the air always had smoke in it • Crowded

  9. Late Middle Ages • Castles were built with many rooms • Because of trade increase • Then viewed more as homes than strongholds • More luxury was added

  10. Innovations • Page 311 • Read the purple box (The Medieval Castle) and answer the questions asked at the beginning of the reading • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6Fn2WtXfis

  11. The End of Feudalism • The Hundred Years’ War • France- the king had greater control • England- faced a civil war

  12. Civil War • Two noble families • The House of York (white rose) and the House of Lancaster (red rose) • 30 year conflict called the War of the Roses

  13. The Tutors • 1485, Henry VII of Lancaster defeated the king of York • He took a York noblewoman as his wife • Began the dynasty of the Tutors

  14. Results • England grew strong again • Parliament was created • People changed their allegiance to the king rather than their lords • Development of nations (common government, language, culture, and set of ideas • Military innovations: gunpowder, longbow

  15. Discussion Questions • What are the characteristics of a nation? How does a nation develop? Do you think the power of force is necessary in developing a nation? • Why was the longbow such an effective weapon against knights on horseback? • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6oOEW-r0Ac0

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