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Medical Instrumentation

Medical Instrumentation . REPORT #3 2012103843 원지혜. Dynamic Characteristics. Y (t). X(t). +….+ + y = +….+ +. ( 입력 ). ( 출력 ). Laplace Transform. Laplace Transform. Differential equation. Algebraic equation. Inverse Laplace Transform. Response in S domain. Response in time domain.

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Medical Instrumentation

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  1. Medical Instrumentation REPORT #3 2012103843 원지혜

  2. Dynamic Characteristics Y(t) X(t) +….++y =+….++ (입력) (출력)

  3. Laplace Transform Laplace Transform Differential equation Algebraic equation Inverse Laplace Transform Response in S domain Response in time domain

  4. Laplace Transform L{x(t)} = X(s)= u(t) u(t) (t) L{u(t)} = L{u(t)} = L{(t)} =1

  5. Transfer Function H(S)== (H(S): Transfer Function) + Vc(t) - t ※ y(t)를 구하는 방법 Y(S) = H(S)*X(S) Y(t)={Y(S)} ={H(S)*X(S)} (t)={(S)}=[1-]*u(t) cf) L{} = L{x(t)} =

  6. 0차 기기 (1-K)R 입력 10 출력 K KR =KE t y(t) = Kx(t)

  7. 1차기기 +y = x 예) 1 t 올라가는 데에 시간이 걸림(0차기기에 비해)

  8. 1차기기 log|H| 1 0.707 H(jw) = w 주파수가 낮을 때는진폭도 일정하고 위상차이도 거의 없음.주파수가 높아지면 진폭이 작아지고 위상차도 최대 90도까지 발생한다. |H(jw)| = magnitude response ∠H(jw) = phase response log∠H(jw) w -45 -90

  9. 무왜곡측정(Distortionless Measurement) H Y(t) =y1(t)+y2(t) =x1(t-)+x2(t-)(시간 delay) X(t)=x1(t)+x2(t) y1(t) x1(t) 1 A X(t) Y(t) 2 2A x2(t) y2(t) 1 A

  10. 예) 진폭 특성에 의한 왜곡 Ax1(t-) y(t) 2Ax2(t-) 3A 2A A t t t -A -2A y(t) = Ax1(t-)+2Ax2(t-) Magnitude Distortion

  11. 예) 위상특성에 의한 왜곡 Ax1(t-) y(t) Ax2(t-) 2A A A t t t y(t) = Ax1(t-)+Ax2(t-) Phase Distortion

  12. For Distortionless Measurement y(t) = kx(t-) Y(S) = kX(S) H(S)= k H(jw) = k 같은 크기로 증가시키고, 같은 위상 차를 주어야왜곡이 발생하지 않음 ∠H(jw) |H(jw)| ∠H(jw)= -w 왜곡이 발생하지 않음 w 기울기 = - w

  13. Biopotential(생체전위) (axon) Sensor Muscle dendrite(수상돌기) axon terminal(축색 종말) Ex) ①rode, cone ②hair cell

  14. Resting Membrane Potential(RMP:안정막전위) <Krebs Cycle in Mitochondria> Glucose + O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP Na-K 펌프 농도 차를 거슬러 가야 하기 때문에 ATP 필요(미토콘드리아에서 만듦)

  15. RMP의 측정 V=0 (Na와 Cl이 균일하게 들어있으므로) t=t1 ① Vo V Cell neuron t1 t Na+ Cl- -60mV

  16. 세포막의 형태 ③ ① V V V=0 V=0 permeable membrane (Na와 Cl이 균일하게 들어있으므로) Na+ Cl- Na+ Na+ Cl- Cl- ④ ② V V V0 V=0 semi permeable membrane 세포막은반투과성막 insulating membrane Na+ Na+ Na+ Na+ Cl- Cl- Cl- Cl-

  17. RMP의 형성 ※ Na+ 에만 투과성을 갖는 막이라고 가정 확산(diffusion) vs전기력(coulomb force) (오른쪽 +가 왼쪽 (왼쪽 +가 오른쪽으로 으로 가려는 힘) 가려는 힘) ＋ ＋ － ＋ － ＋ － － － ＋ － ＋ － － 확산하려는 힘이 더 큼 semi permeable membrane Resting membrane potential(안정막 전위) RMP(안정막 전위)의 형성

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