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H 2 0

H 2 0. The Hydrologic Cycle. Steps in the Water Cycle. Evaporation: Δ from liquid to gas Condensation: Δ from gas to liquid; as temps cool, humidity increases and air becomes saturated Precipitation: rain, snow, etc…. Steps in the Water Cycle. Runoff: Surface water movement

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H 2 0

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  1. H20

  2. The Hydrologic Cycle

  3. Steps in the Water Cycle • Evaporation: Δ from liquid to gas • Condensation: Δ from gas to liquid; as temps cool, humidity increases and air becomes saturated • Precipitation: rain, snow, etc…

  4. Steps in the Water Cycle • Runoff: Surface water movement • Percolation: Movement of water through pores in soil • Infiltration: Downward movement of H2O in the ground due to gravity.

  5. Rain Shadow Effect • Moist air precipitates and falls on the windward side • Descending air warms and remains dry on the leeward side

  6. Watershed • Land drained by a river system • Lower Boise watershed

  7. Ground Water • Water stored in below earth’s surface • Infiltrates through zone of aeration • Accumulates in the zone of saturation • The interface is called the water table • Water is stored in AQUIFERS

  8. How Do We Obtain Groundwater?? • WELLS-holes that provide access to aquifers • SPRINGS-where groundwater is exposed to the surface

  9. Salt H2O Intrusion • When salt water moves through the aquifer

  10. Residential Use • Average household in U.S. uses 300 liters per day. • Most people take water for granted on a daily basis. How would you be affected if you ran out?

  11. Industrial Use • Industry uses about 44% of all fresh water • Used to transport goods and dispose of wastes. • Used as a power source and a coolant. • Used extensively in mining and manufacturing. • It takes 15,000 liters to make one home washing machine.

  12. Desalinization • Desalinization – the process by which salts are removed from water. Some societies depend on saltwater for irrigations, drinking, and cooking. • Desalinization is accomplished by distillation, reverse osmosis, and freezing. • Very expensive, typically costs four times as much as getting fresh water from traditions sources. • Technology will eventually bring costs down.

  13. Water Purification • Water purification removes harmful chemicals and microorganisms that make water unpotable. • Sedimentation and filtration-suspended particles settle out and remaining water is filtered to remove debris. • Aeration-the exposure of water to air and sunlight. Bacteria break down organic matter during this process. • Sterilization-extreme heat or chemicals used to remove remaining harmful microorganisms. Chlorine is most common method of sterilization. Ozone is also used widely as a method of sterilization.

  14. Groundwater Contamination • Essay Question • Think of a possible source of groundwater contamination in the Treasure Valley. What might be the cause of contamination and who would be affected by it. What steps might you take to remediate the site.

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