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Oriol Pujolàs

Emergent Lorentz Invariance from Strong Dynamics. Oriol Pujolàs. IFAE & Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Based on arXiv:1305.0011 w/ G. Bednik, S. Sibiryakov + work in progress w/ M. Baggioli. II Russian-Spanish Congress

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Oriol Pujolàs

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  1. Emergent Lorentz Invariance from Strong Dynamics Oriol Pujolàs IFAE & Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Based on arXiv:1305.0011 w/ G. Bednik, S. Sibiryakov + work in progress w/ M. Baggioli II Russian-Spanish Congress St Petersburg 1/10/13

  2. Motivation Can Lorentz Invariance be an accidental symmetry ? Context: Hořava Gravity recovery of LI at low energies is the most pressing issue phenomenologically

  3. Motivation In this talk, 1) LV: 2) Gravity (mostly) turned off Poincaré dynamical preferred frame ”AETHER” timelike vev bounds from gravity:

  4. Motivation (CPT even)

  5. Motivation (CPT even) FINE TUNING Observational bounds: EFT expectation: Collins Perez Sudarsky Urrutia Vucetich ‘04 Iengo Russo Serone ‘09 Giudice Strumia Raidal ‘10 Anber Donoghue ‘11

  6. Motivation (CPT even) FINE TUNING Observational bounds: EFT expectation: Collins Perez Sudarsky Urrutia Vucetich ‘04 Challenge: can we achieve naturally ~ 10-20suppression? Iengo Russo Serone ‘09 Giudice Strumia Raidal ‘10 Anber Donoghue ‘11

  7. RG & Lorentz Invariance

  8. RG & Lorentz Invariance LI-fixed point is IR-attractive !! Chadha Nielsen’ 83

  9. RG & Lorentz Invariance LI-fixed point is IR-attractive !! Chadha Nielsen’ 83 E.g., LV – Yukawa theory: @ 1 loop:

  10. RG & Lorentz Invariance LI-fixed point is IR-attractive !! Giudice Strumia Raidal’ 10 E.g., LV – Standar Model (SME)

  11. RG & Lorentz Invariance LI In weakly coupled theories, LIemerges... very slowly! Suppression is only by a factor

  12. RG & Lorentz Invariance let’s accelerate the running by turning to strong coupling LI LI

  13. RG & Lorentz Invariance Idea: Near a strongly-coupled fixed point: accelerated running

  14. RG & Lorentz Invariance Idea: Near a strongly-coupled fixed point: accelerated running power > 0 granted ( ) LV deformation Unitarity bound => is an irrelevant coupling suggests that ELI should not be an exceptional phenomenon

  15. Holography CFTs at large N and large ‘t Hooft limit geometrize CFT UV / elementary IR / composite RG scale AdS boundary AdS interior

  16. Toy model #1: LV Randall-Sundrum

  17. LV-Randall-Sundrum Lifshitz / LV boundary condition UV IR Dual to a CFT+ UV cutoff (coupling to LV gravity, ) + IR cutoff (confining, )

  18. LV-Randall-Sundrum RS Realizes a CFT with an operator and a LV source Bednik OP Sibiryakov ‘13 probe scalar with LV boundary

  19. LV-Randall-Sundrum RS Realizes a CFT with an operator and a LV source Bednik OP Sibiryakov ‘13 if relevant (Δ<3) => Emergent LI

  20. LV-Randall-Sundrum Bednik OP Sibiryakov ‘13 Dispersion relations of bound-states: power-law suppressed! for relevant couplings (Δ < 3 ) (Optimal case, Δ=2)

  21. LV-Randall-Sundrum Bednik OP Sibiryakov ‘13 Dispersion relations of bound-states: power-law suppressed! for relevant couplings (Δ < 3 ) (Optimal case, Δ=2)

  22. LV-Randall-Sundrum Bednik OP Sibiryakov ‘13 Dispersion relations of bound-states: power-law suppressed! for relevant couplings (Δ < 3 ) (Optimal case, Δ=2)

  23. LV-Randall-Sundrum Bednik OP Sibiryakov ‘13 Dispersion relations of bound-states: power-law suppressed! for relevant couplings (Δ < 3 ) (Optimal case, Δ=2)

  24. Toy model #2: Lifshitz flows

  25. Lifshitz Holography Kachru Liu Mulligan ‘08 Lifshitz solutions in Einstein + Proca+Λ : z = d-1 z=1

  26. Lifshitz Holography AdS Lifshitz

  27. Lifshitz Holography The flow imprints modified scaling into the scalar propagator Bednik OP Sibiryakov ’13 Qualitative agreement with Gubser ‘time warp’ geometries Gubser ‘08

  28. Lifshitz Holography The flow imprints modified scaling into the scalar propagator ... and into the dispersion relations of bound states Bednik OP Sibiryakov ’13

  29. Lifshitz Holography The flow imprints modified scaling into the scalar propagator ... and into the dispersion relations of bound states Bednik OP Sibiryakov ’13 In the simplest model – not very large suppression

  30. Lifshitz Holography The flow imprints modified scaling into the scalar propagator ... and into the dispersion relations of bound states Bednik OP Sibiryakov ’13 In the simplest model – not very large suppression Baggioli & OP in progress can be made arbitrarily large w/ non-minimal couplings

  31. Conclusions RG + Strong Dynamics => fast Emergence of LI Emergent LI may not be an exceptional phenomenon The leading LV corrections are characterized by an exponent determined by the LILVO – least irrelevant LV operator -> RG scale = compositeness scale -> how large can be ??

  32. Discussion Possible embedding of SM in a NR setup consists of SM=low-lying composite states of a strong sector compositeness – at low Energies ~ 100 TeV Limits on compositeness in SM? more strongly tested species -> more composite Realizing a composite SM? – no problem with fermions & H

  33. Discussion Several QFT-mechanisms for Emergence of LI exist Non Relativistic SUSY – Groot-Nibelink Pospelov ‘04 Large N species (extra dim) – Anber & Donoghue ‘11 Separation of scales – Pospelov & Shang ‘10 Via naturalness, NRQG becomes very predictive: new physics at much lower energies 105 GeV New physics 1015 GeV NR physics

  34. Thank you!

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