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DEMOCRATIC CULTURAL POLICY: WHICH DEMOCRACY? WHICH CULTURE? WHICH POLICY?

DEMOCRATIC CULTURAL POLICY: WHICH DEMOCRACY? WHICH CULTURE? WHICH POLICY?. Clive Gray De Montfort University. DEFINING TERMS. Democracy: mechanisms for participating in making collective decisions Culture: what governments define it as being or make policies on

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DEMOCRATIC CULTURAL POLICY: WHICH DEMOCRACY? WHICH CULTURE? WHICH POLICY?

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  1. DEMOCRATIC CULTURAL POLICY: WHICH DEMOCRACY? WHICH CULTURE? WHICH POLICY? Clive Gray De Montfort University

  2. DEFINING TERMS • Democracy: mechanisms for participating in making collective decisions • Culture: what governments define it as being or make policies on • Policy: choices about courses of action

  3. DEMOCRATIC FORMS • Direct democracy through voting (referenda) • Representative democracy through elected representatives (assemblies/executives) • Democratic elitism through stakeholders (arm’s-length/technocrats) • Deliberative democracy through value clarification (discursive practices)

  4. ASSESSING FORMS • Direct/indirect involvement of citizens • Role of policy experts (technocrats/mediators/facilitators) • Role of elected representatives • Information access/quality

  5. DIRECTDEMOCRACY • Open vote on a given subject • Inclusive of all • Ignorance? Incompetence? Money talks? Other issues decide? • ‘Not proven’ • Limited evidence • Trust the people?

  6. REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY • Assembly/executive relations • Less inclusive of all: one step removed • Knowledge/expertise/continuity? • Whose interests are served?/cui bono? • Electoral legitimacy • Democratic sub-optimality • ‘High’/’low’ politics

  7. DEMOCRATIC ELITISM • Public choice between competing groups • Insulation of power-holders from direct control • Technical/professional/non-party political/authoritative? • Coherent/focused/accountable? • Technically ‘better’ policies?

  8. DELIBERATIVE DEMOCRACY • Based on informed, reflective opinion: ‘talk-centric’ • Active/open engagement of groups/citizens • ‘Better’ policy? Expense? • Symbolic rather than effective engagement? • Who manages the system? How is it managed? Democratic elitism by another name?

  9. CONSEQUENCES • Direct/indirect citizen involvement • Role of policy experts • Role of elected representatives • Information access/quality

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