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Topic: Reactions in Aqueous Solution Do Now: Pick up 2 tests. Add correct answers to your test

Topic: Reactions in Aqueous Solution Do Now: Pick up 2 tests. Add correct answers to your test. Formation of a precipitate. 2 aqueous solutions mixing to produce a solid. Reactions in aqueous solution. Many reactions, esp. many double replacement reactions, occur in water.

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Topic: Reactions in Aqueous Solution Do Now: Pick up 2 tests. Add correct answers to your test

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  1. Topic: Reactions in Aqueous SolutionDo Now: Pick up 2 tests. Add correct answers to your test

  2. Formation of a precipitate 2 aqueous solutions mixing to produce a solid

  3. Reactions in aqueous solution • Many reactions, esp. many double replacement reactions, occur in water. • What happens when substances dissolve in water? • Depends on if they are ionic or covalent.

  4. Dissolving an Ionic Substance in a WaterIonc Dissolution (IONS) • Example: • NaCl(s)  Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) • CaCl2(s) Ca2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) • AlCl3(s)  Al3+(aq) + 3Cl-(aq) • The ions are spread out among the water molecules.

  5. Dissolving a Covalent Substance in waterMolecular Dissolution (molecules) • Ex: glucose • C6H12O6(s)  C6H12O6(aq) • The sugar molecules are spread out among the water molecules.

  6. Not everything dissolves in water • Soluble = dissolves in water • Insoluble = doesn’t dissolve in water • Miscible = 2 liquids that dissolve • Immiscible = 2 liquids that don’t dissolve

  7. How can you tell….?!!!?? • Like Dissolve Like • Water is polar, so most polar compounds will dissolve in water • All ionic compounds are polar • Use table F to see if it will dissolve in water • Covalent compound • Polar will dissolve in water • Nonpolar will not dissolve in water • NP (LOOK AT MOLECULAR SHAPE!) • Diatomic • Nobel gas • Pure hydrocarbon • Small symmetrical

  8. Double Replacement Reactions • Often occur when you mix 2 solutions of ionic compounds. • 1 product may be water or • 1 product may be a gas or • 1 product may be a solid • We say these reactions “go to completion.”

  9. Reactions producing Solids • Precipitation: the opposite of dissolving! • What do you see in the following clips: -TIGER VIDEOS

  10. Reactions producing Solids p. 1 in your packet

  11. Complete Ionic Equations 2K+1(aq) + CrO4-2(aq) + Ba2+(aq) + 2NO3-1(aq)2K+(aq)+ 2NO3-1(aq)+ BaCrO4(s) Ionic substances that dissolve are written as ions in solution!

  12. Net Ionic Equations 2K+1(aq) + CrO4-2(aq) + Ba2+(aq) + 2NO3-1(aq)2K+(aq)+ 2NO3-1(aq)+ BaCrO4(s) Notice that some ions do not participate in the reaction. They are spectator ions. Cross out all the spectator ions & you get the net ionic equation. CrO4+2(aq)+ Ba2+(aq)  BaCrO4(s)

  13. Reactions that form Water HBr(aq) + NaOH(aq)  H2O(l) + NaBr(aq) H+(aq) + Br-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) + Na+(aq) + Br-(aq) H+(aq) + OH-(aq)  H2O(l)

  14. Reactions that form Gases HCl(aq) + NaHCO3(aq)  H2O(l) + CO2(g) + NaCl(aq) H+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + Na+(aq) + HCO3-(aq)  H2O(l) + CO2(g) + Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq)  H2O(l) + CO2(g)

  15. Conservation of Charge • Total charge on reactant side must equal total charge on product side. • Mass of reactants = mass of products • Total # Atoms of reactants = Total # Atoms of products Conservation of Mass

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