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How many organisms are there in the world?

How many organisms are there in the world?. 1.5 million known species on earth. 250,000 plants 750,000 insects 43,000 vertebrates 4200 mammals 9000 birds 6300 reptiles 4200 amphibians 18,000 bony fishes 900 cartilaginous fishes and jawless fishes. Classification System.

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How many organisms are there in the world?

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  1. How many organisms are there in the world?

  2. 1.5 million known species on earth • 250,000 plants • 750,000 insects • 43,000 vertebrates • 4200 mammals • 9000 birds • 6300 reptiles • 4200 amphibians • 18,000 bony fishes • 900 cartilaginous fishes and jawless fishes

  3. Classification System • Why classify organisms? • Method of organizing creatures into some meaningful pattern • Current method uses similar shared observable characteristics that are unique to that group of organisms (phenetic scheme)

  4. What do these animals have in common? Why classify bats and hummingbirds together but not include dragonflies?

  5. Classification System • 3 Domain System (or 6 Kindoms) • Bacteria (formerly Kingdom Monera) • Archaea (formerly Kingdom Monera) • Eukarya (includes Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia)

  6. 3 Domain System

  7. Kingdoms • Shared characteristics among Kingdoms • All are made up of cells • All have DNA with the same genetic code

  8. KPCOFGS • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  9. What are species? • What are genera? • What are kingdoms?

  10. What are Species? • Interbreeding organisms that do not ordinarily breed with members of other groups Pinyon mouse, Peromyscus truei

  11. Pinyon mouse, Peromyscus truei Deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus What are Genera? • An inclusive group of similar species, usually with anatomical similarities Genus = Peromyscus

  12. What are Kingdoms? • Major unit of biological classification

  13. KPCOFGS • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  14. KPCOFGS • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Aves • Order: Passeriformes • Family: Corvidae • Genus: Corvus • Species: brachyrhynchos

  15. American crow • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata (with backbones) • Class: Aves (birds) • Order: Passeriformes (songbirds) • Family: Corvidae (crows, jays) • Genus: Corvus • Species: brachyrhynchos

  16. Corvus brachyrhynchusWhy Latin? • “Dead” language – no changes being made; it is not in use today • Common names are often shared among several species; may differ from region to region; may not be understood in different cultures • Assures a unique name for each species

  17. Lasionycteris noctivagans • Nocti = nocturnal • Vagans = wanderer • Nyct = night, nocturnal • Lasio = shaggy • “night wandering shaggy bat” Silver-haired bat

  18. KPCOFGS Acronym? • Develop an acronym to remember how to classify an organism.

  19. KPCOFGS Acronym: • Kids Playing Catch On Freeways Get Smashed • Keep Pots Clean Or Find Gooey Stains • Kindly Park Cars Out Front Garage Space Valuable!

  20. Differences among Kingdoms • Bacteria: Prokaryotic cell structure, unicellular, heterotrophs • Archaea: Prokaryotic cell structure, unicellular, heterotroph • Protista: Eukaryotic cells, unicellular, contains heterotrophs and autotrophs • Fungi: Eukaryotic cells, chitinous cell wall, no chloroplasts, multicellular, heterotrophic • Plantae: Eukaryotic cells, cell wall, cellulose, chloroplasts, multicellular, autotrophic • Animalia: Eukaryotic cells, no cell wall, multicellular, heterotroph

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