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Energy . All of our energy comes from?(Note: if you want to check your answers, short versions of most answers are provided in the

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    1. Questions? Answers? Chapter 9 & 10 Key concepts V1.1 With some answers in “notes” section (Click “view”, then Normal)

    2. Energy All of our energy comes from? (Note: if you want to check your answers, short versions of most answers are provided in the “notes” below the slide. They are visible when you view the slide by selecting “view”, then “normal”, not in presentation mode.) The sunThe sun

    3. Energy All of our energy comes from? This energy is the form of? LightLight

    4. Energy All of our energy comes from? This energy is the form of? Plants convert this energy to? Glucose, then starch and other biochemicalsGlucose, then starch and other biochemicals

    5. Energy All of our energy comes from? This energy is the form of? Plants convert this energy to? The energy is potential (stored) energy converted to? Chemical energy – chemical bondsChemical energy – chemical bonds

    6. Energy All of our energy comes from? This energy is the form of? Plants convert this energy to? The energy is potential (stored) energy converted to? The energy is released by? Chemical reactions, such as we will see in the metabolic pathways.Chemical reactions, such as we will see in the metabolic pathways.

    7. Energy All of our energy comes from? This energy is the form of? Plants convert this energy to? The energy is potential (stored) energy converted to? The energy is released by? Most living organisms require energy in the form of? GlucoseGlucose

    8. Energy Our primary energy source for reactions in the cell is? GlucoseGlucose

    9. Energy Our primary energy “currency” for reactions in the cell is? ATPATP

    10. Energy Our primary energy “currency” for reactions in the cell is? What sugar is the primary energy source for metabolism to produce the ATP?

    11. Energy Our primary energy “currency” for reactions in the cell is? What sugar is the primary energy source for metabolism to produce ATP? Oxidation of glucose would be an example of (anabolism or catabolism)?

    12. Metabolic Pathways What are the three major metabolic pathways for production of ATP?

    13. Metabolic Pathways What are the three major metabolic pathways for production of ATP? Which is first, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle or Electron Transfer Chain?

    14. Metabolic Pathways What are the three major metabolic pathways for production of ATP? Which is first, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle or Electron Transfer Chain? What is the reactant for glycolysis?

    15. Metabolic Pathways What are the three major metabolic pathways for production of ATP? Which is first, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle or Electron Transfer Chain? What is the reactant for glycolysis? What is the product of glycolysis?

    16. Metabolic Pathways What are the three major metabolic pathways for production of ATP? Which is first, Glycolysis, Krebs cycle or Electron Transfer Chain? What is the reactant for glycolysis? What is the product of glycolysis? How many NET ATP’s result from one glucose? 30, 36, or 38, depending on how you count the ATP’s which are input into the reaction. 30, 36, or 38, depending on how you count the ATP’s which are input into the reaction.

    17. Krebs Cycle What role does Pyruvic Acid play in the Kreb’s cycle? It is the initial output of glycolysis, which then loses one CO2, and reacts with Co Enzyme A to form Acetyl COAIt is the initial output of glycolysis, which then loses one CO2, and reacts with Co Enzyme A to form Acetyl COA

    18. Krebs Cycle What role does Pyruvic Acid play in the Kreb’s cycle? What role does Acetyl COA play? It is the entry point to the Krebs cycleIt is the entry point to the Krebs cycle

    19. Krebs Cycle What role does Pyruvic Acid play in the Kreb’s cycle? What role does Acetyl COA play? What are the products of the Krebs cycle? CO2, NADH, FADH2, ATPCO2, NADH, FADH2, ATP

    20. Krebs Cycle What role does Pyruvic Acid play in the Kreb’s cycle? What role does Acetyl COA play? What are the products? What are the waste products? CO2 – Not water. Water is produced in oxidative phosphorylationCO2 – Not water. Water is produced in oxidative phosphorylation

    21. Krebs Cycle What role does Pyruvic Acid play in the Kreb’s cycle? What role does Acetyl COA play? What are the products? What are the waste product(s)? How many ATP’s directly result from one cycle of the Krebs? One , the rest are indirect from the ETC.One , the rest are indirect from the ETC.

    22. Electron Transfer Chain Where does the Krebs cycle and ETC take place? MitochondriaMitochondria

    23. Electron Transfer Chain Where does the Krebs cycle and ETC take place? Where does Glycolysis take place? Outside the mitochondria, in the cytoplasm.Outside the mitochondria, in the cytoplasm.

    24. Electron Transfer Chain Where does the Krebs cycle and ETC take place? Where does Glycolysis take place? What is the end product of the ETC? ETC produces lots of ATP, via ATP Synthase, powered by H+ gradientETC produces lots of ATP, via ATP Synthase, powered by H+ gradient

    25. Electron Transfer Chain Where does the Krebs cycle and ETC take place? Where does Glycolysis take place? What is the end product of the ETC? What is the by product of the ETC? WaterWater

    26. Other Fuel sources How and where does fat enter the metabolic chain? Glycerine into C3 – pyruvic acid Fat into Acetyl CoA. – both wind up in the Krebs cycleGlycerine into C3 – pyruvic acid Fat into Acetyl CoA. – both wind up in the Krebs cycle

    27. Other Fuel sources How and where does fat enter the metabolic chain? How does protein enter the metabolic chain? Into Krebs cycle, via pyruvic acid or acetyl COAInto Krebs cycle, via pyruvic acid or acetyl COA

    28. Other Fuel sources How and where does fat enter the metabolic chain? How does protein enter the metabolic chain? What is the caloric value of each? 9 cal/gram for fat, 4 for sugar, 4 for protein9 cal/gram for fat, 4 for sugar, 4 for protein

    29. Other Fuel sources How and where does fat enter the metabolic chain? How does protein enter the metabolic chain? What is the caloric value of each? Why is fat more efficient? Every carbon goes into the Krebs cycle – none is wastedEvery carbon goes into the Krebs cycle – none is wasted

    30. Miscellaneous What is ATP composed of? Adenine, ribose, 3 x phosphateAdenine, ribose, 3 x phosphate

    31. Miscellaneous What is ATP composed of? What other bio-chemical is it similar to? Similar to adenine nucleotide – which is a component of DNASimilar to adenine nucleotide – which is a component of DNA

    32. Miscellaneous What is ATP composed of? What other bio-chemical is it similar to? Are the three major metabolic pathways aerobic or anaerobic? AerobicAerobic

    33. Miscellaneous What is ATP composed of? What other bio-chemical is it similar to? Are the three major metabolic pathways aerobic or anaerobic? What are the end products of anaerobic respiration? For animal cells – Lactic acid, 2 ATPFor animal cells – Lactic acid, 2 ATP

    34. Miscellaneous What is ATP composed of? What other bio-chemical is it similar to? Are the three major metabolic pathways aerobic or anaerobic? What are the end products of anaerobic respiration? What do we use anaerobic respiration for? Bursts of energy, where we are needing more ATP than we can generate aerobically.Bursts of energy, where we are needing more ATP than we can generate aerobically.

    35. Fermentation What other organisms use fermentation reactions? Yeasts, bacteriaYeasts, bacteria

    36. Fermentation What other organisms use fermentation reactions? What are the products with them? Alcohol, acetic acid (vinegar), CO2Alcohol, acetic acid (vinegar), CO2

    37. Fermentation What other organisms use fermentation reactions? What are the products with them? What is the animal cell anaerobic product? Lactic acid stillLactic acid still

    38. Fermentation What other organisms use fermentation reactions? What are the products with them? What is the animal cell anaerobic product? How much ATP is derived from anaerobic metabolism? 2 ATP per pyruvic acid, total of 4 per glucose.2 ATP per pyruvic acid, total of 4 per glucose.

    39. Energy Can you write the overall reaction for glucose to energy and waste products? What powers the ATP synthase enzyme? A: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 36 ADP Forms 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 ATP B: H+ ion gradientA: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 36 ADP Forms 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 ATP B: H+ ion gradient

    40. PLANTS! What is an autotroph? Produces its own foodProduces its own food

    41. PLANTS! What is an autotroph? What is a heterotroph? Relies on outside food sourcesRelies on outside food sources

    42. PLANTS! What is an autotroph? What is a heterotroph? What else do autotrophs provide heterotrophs with? OxygenOxygen

    43. PLANTS! What is an autotroph? What is a heterotroph? What else do autotrophs provide heterotrophs with? What do heterotrophs provide autotrophs with? CO2CO2

    44. Photosynthesis What is the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

    45. Photosynthesis What is the Overall reaction for photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy ? C6H12O6 + 6O2

    46. Photosynthesis What is the Overall reaction for photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 12 H2O + light energy ? C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O What is this reaction the opposite of? Aerobic respirationAerobic respiration

    47. Photosynthesis What are the two sets of reactions called? Light dependent and light independentLight dependent and light independent

    48. Photosynthesis What are the two sets of reactions called?

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