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Baroque, Rococo, & Neo-Classicism

Baroque, Rococo, & Neo-Classicism. By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY. Baroque Art & Architecture. Baroque. 1600 – 1750 From a Portuguese word “barocca”, meaning “a pearl of irregular shape” Implies strangeness, irregularity, and extravagance

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Baroque, Rococo, & Neo-Classicism

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  1. Baroque, Rococo, & Neo-Classicism By: Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. Baroque Art & Architecture

  3. Baroque 1600 – 1750 From a Portuguese word “barocca”, meaning “a pearl of irregular shape” Implies strangeness, irregularity, and extravagance The more dramatic, the better!

  4. Architecture by Gialorenzo Bernini St. Peter’s Basiclica, Vatican City

  5. Sculpture by Gialorenzo Bernini The Ecstasy of St. Theresa of Avila

  6. Painting by Caravaggio David and Goliath St. Francis in Ecstasy The Flagellation of Christ

  7. Painting by Peter Paul Rubens “The Lamentation” “The Battle of the Amazons” “The Elevation of the Cross”

  8. A Baroque Room

  9. Art byJan Steen “Girl with a Pearl Earring” “The Burgher of Delft & HisDaughter” “The Leiden Baker & His Wife”

  10. Art by Rembrandt “Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp” “Sampling Officials of the Drapers Guild”

  11. Rococo Art

  12. Rococo Derived from the French word, rocaille, or pebbles, referring to the stones & shells used to decorate the interior of caves Complex compositions Ornateness and fussy details.

  13. Rococo 1715 – 1774 Centered in France --> associated with Louis XV. [also Germany and Italy] A backlash to the darkness of the Baroque --> less formal & grandiose Eventually replaced by Neo-Classicism, the artistic style ofthe American & French Revolutions

  14. “The French Theater” Painting by Jean-Antoine Watteau “The Pleasures of Life” “The Marriage Contract”

  15. Jean Honoré Fragonard “The Stolen Kiss” “The Swing”

  16. Origins of Neo-Classical Art

  17. 1. Excavations of the Ruins of Italian Cities Pompeii in 1748 Herculaneum in 1738

  18. 2. Publication of Books on Antiquity James Stuart & Nicholas RevertAntiquities in Athens: 1762-1816

  19. Overview of Neo-Classicism • Art produced in Europe and North America from the mid-18c to the early 19c. • More than just an antique revival  a reaction against the surviving Baroque & Rococo styles. • Linked to contemporary political events: • Revolutions established republics in France and in America. [Neo-Classicism was adapted as the official art style]. • Association with the democracy of Greece and the republicanism of Rome. • Napoleon  used the style for propaganda.

  20. 3. Arrival of the Elgin Marbles Thomas Bruce,7th Lord of ElginBritish Museum, 1806 From the top façade of the Parthenon in Athens

  21. 4. Johann Winckelmann’s Artists Circle Artists should “imitate” the timeless, ideal forms of the classical world A circle of international artists gathered about him in the 1760s in Rome German art historian

  22. Characteristics of Neo-Classicism • Return to the perceived “purity” of the arts of Rome. • Model the “ideal” of the ancient Greek arts and, to a lesser, extent, 16c Renaissance classicism. • A conviction that there is a permanent, universal way things are (and should be), which obviously entails fundamental political and ethical commitments. • Sometimes considered anti-modern or even reactionary.

  23. Neo-Classical Painting, Decorative Arts, Sculpture, & Architecture

  24. “The Consecration of Napoleon & Josephine” Painting by Jacques-Louis David “The Death of Socrates” “The Oath of the Horatii”

  25. Decorative Arts by Robert Adam Syon HouseThe Red Salon Scottish architect & designer Syon House1760s

  26. Neo-Classical Sculpture • Profoundly influenced by ancient art since the Renaissance • Neo-Classical sculptors avoided the dramatic twisting poses and colored marble surfaces characteristic of late Baroque and Rococo sculpture. • They preferred: • Crisp contours. • A noble stillness. • Idealized white marble forms.

  27. The “Empire Style”Charles Percier & Pierre François Léonard Fontaine Napoleon’s official architects They remade Paris in the intimidating opulence of Roman imperial architectural style

  28. Furniture The furniture designs used Greco-Roman motifs Became known as style étrusque [“Etruscan style”] in France Were favored by the court of Louis XV and later by Napoleon I

  29. Josiah Wedgwood Greek vases found in excavations became models for this new type of ceramics

  30. Neo-Classicism Continued Into the 19c and Beyond… Buckingham Palace, London Brandenburg Gate, Berlin By the mid-19s, several European cities were transformed into veritable museums of Neo-Classical architecture

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