A Technological Revolution

1. A Technological Revolution

2. Technological Revolution • Technology drastically changed people’s daily lives • Started a movement away from agrarian living to urbanization-especially in the north

3. Technological Advances and Changes • Samuel Morse • 1844-sent the first telegraph message • Marked the beginning of a second industrial revolution • “What Hath God Wrought”

4. Daily life prior to revolution • No indoor electric lighting • Candles • Whale oil • No ice • Very slow communications • Investing in Technology • Patents • Licenses that give an inventor the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention for a set period of time • Between 1790 and 1860, 36000 patents were issued • In contrast, 500,000 issued between 1860 and 1890 • Growth of business due to investments in patents. • Led to massive increase in productivity-the amount of goods and services created in a given period of time

5. Drake and Edison

6. Drake and Edison • Edwin L. Drake • Sent to drill for oil in 1858 • Titusville, Pennsylvania • New method to get oil quicker • Led to several boomtowns • Kerosene • Gasoline • Thomas Edison • Inventor • Several inventions including the phonograph and light bulb • Finally found filament from bamboo fiber • Also came up with idea of central power station-built power plant in NYC • Idea spread across country

7. Lewis Latimer and Westinghouse Improve Electricity Lewis Latimer Improved method for producing filaments in light bulbs George Westinghouse Alternating current- cheaper and could travel longer distance Transformer-made home use of electricity possible

8. Business and Daily Life with Electricity • Industries boom • Opened thousands of jobs • Ready made clothing big business due to electric sewing machine • Women and children • Not all Americans received benefits • Mostly limited to cities • What are some ways that electricity change life?

9. Telegraph and Telephone Samuel Morse Alexander Graham Bell Patented talking telegraph in 1876 Formed AT and T with a group of partners in 1885 • Signaled start of communications revolution • Created big business • Western Union- • By 1900, owned more than 900,000 miles of wire • Sent 63 million messages

10. Transcontinental Railroad-ChooChoo Transcontinental RR • Railroad that extended from coast to coast • Started in Omaha, Nebraska by Union Pacific RR and Sacramento, CA by Central Pacific RR • Most workers immigrants • Irish and Chinese Finished in Promontory Summit in what is present day Utah Leland Stanford drove in golden spike • Elijah McCoy • African American engineer invented lubricating cup that continuously oiled the moving parts of the factory machinery • The “Real McCoy”

11. Transcontinental Railroad

12. RR change time and industry • Railroads ushered in time zones from solar time • A faster and more practical means of transporting goods • Lower costs of production • Creation of national markets • Model for big business • Professional manager and specialized department • Stimulation of other industries

13. Bessemer Process • Henry Bessemer • 1856, patented Bessemer machine • Made removal of impurities much easier • Made mass production of steel (production in great amounts) possible • Ushered in New Age of building • Brooklyn Bridge • John A. Roebling • Competed in 1883 • Read page 235

14. 1. Who sent the first telegraph message? 2. What did it say? 3. What is a license that gives an inventor exclusive right to make, use or sell an invention? 4. What is productivity? 5. Where was the first oil boomtown? 6. Who invented the light bulb? 7. Where was the first central power station built? 8. Who was the African-American man that improved the light bulb? 9. Who invented the telephone? 10. In what two places did the railroad start? 11. Who built the Brooklyn Bridge? 12. What ushered in time zones?