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Endocrine vs. Nervous System

Endocrine vs. Nervous System. Function?. Coordinate body functions (Both) Often work together. Method?. Use chemical messengers Nervous system: neurotransmitters Endocrine: hormones. Hormones- 2 classes. 1. Amino-Acid-derived Hormones Water-soluble 2. Steroid Hormones Hydrophobic.

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Endocrine vs. Nervous System

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  1. Endocrine vs. Nervous System

  2. Function? • Coordinate body functions (Both) • Often work together

  3. Method? • Use chemical messengers • Nervous system: neurotransmitters • Endocrine: hormones

  4. Hormones- 2 classes • 1. Amino-Acid-derived Hormones • Water-soluble • 2. Steroid Hormones • Hydrophobic

  5. Cell Signaling follows 3 Steps • Reception • A signal binds to a receptor on the receiving cell • Transduction • The receptor binding causes a change (sometimes a series of changes) on the inside of the cell. • Response • This will result some sort of response by the receiving cell. Passing on a signal, releasing a protein, begin transcription, etc.

  6. AA vs. Steroid Hormones

  7. Target? Both deal with receptor specificity! • Nervous: Other adjacent neurons, effectors (glands, muscles) • Specific! Very local target, w/ specific NT receptors • Endocrine: Cells throughout the body • Global release of message, but specific response • Like a radio broadcast, it requires a receiver (receptor) to get the message

  8. Speed? • Nervous: Fast! (meters per second) • Endocrine: Slow(er), more prolonged • May affect same cell, adjacent cell, cell on other side of body

  9. Example: simple endocrine pathway & negative feedback

  10. Example: simple neurohormone pathway & positive feedback

  11. Nervous & Endocrine systems linked • Hypothalamus = “master nerve control center” • nervous system • receives information from nerves around body about internal conditions • releasing hormones: regulates release of hormones from pituitary • Pituitary gland = “master gland” • endocrine system • secretes broad rangeof “tropic” hormones regulating other glands in body hypothalamus posterior pituitary anterior

  12. tropic hormones = target endocrine glands hypothalamus thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) antidiuretic hormone (ADH) posterior pituitary Thyroid gland anterior pituitary Kidney tubules adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) oxytocin Muscles of uterus gonadotropic hormones: follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) & luteinizing hormone (LH) melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) growth hormone (GH) prolactin (PRL) Adrenal cortex Melanocyte in amphibian Mammary glands in mammals Bone and muscle Ovaries Testes

  13.  kidney reabsorption of Ca++ thyroid Ca++ depositedin bones high  Ca++uptakein intestines low parathyroid  kidney reabsorption of Ca++ bones release Ca++ Regulation of Blood Calcium calcitonin blood calcium level(10 mg/100mL) activated Vitamin D parathyroid hormone (PTH)

  14. pancreas high liver low pancreas liver Regulation of Blood Sugar insulin beta cells body cells takeup sugar from blood liver storesglycogen reducesappetite blood sugar level (90mg/100ml) liver releasesglucose triggershunger alpha cells glucagon

  15. Pathways with Friends

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