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Cigre 2013 Colloquium

Cigre 2013 Colloquium. INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TELECOMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR SMART TRANSMISSION (D2-01_01) Authors: N S Sodha H H Sharan Sheela Rani Load Despatch & Communication Department Power Grid Corporation of India Limited

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Cigre 2013 Colloquium

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  1. Cigre 2013 Colloquium INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TELECOMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR SMART TRANSMISSION(D2-01_01) Authors: N S Sodha H H Sharan Sheela Rani Load Despatch & Communication Department Power Grid Corporation of India Limited Saudamini, Plot No. 02, Sector-29, Gurgaon 122001(HARYANA) New Delhi

  2. INDIAN POWER SECTOR – AT A GLANCE • Indian Power Sector has grown at a rapid pace from 1.3 GW in 1947 to around 170 GW as on date geographically spread over about 3.3 million sq. kms • Generation Mix comprises • Thermal – 111294 MW (65.4%) • Hydro – 37367 MW (22.0%) • Nuclear – 4780 MW (2.8%) • RES – 16787 MW (9.9%) • Transmission Grid Comprises • 765kV/400kV Lines - 1,07,953 ckt. Kms • 220 kV Lines – 1,33,262 ckt. Kms • ± 500 kV HVDC Lines – 8,234 ckt. Kms • At current 8-10% of economic growth the installed Capacity requirement of the country shall be around 575 GW by the year 2027 • POWERGRID Carries about 50% of Generated Power Across Country with Transmission System as on 31 August 2012, comprising of 95,846 Ckt. kms Tansmission line, 1,44,303 MVA Transformation Capacity, 157 EHVAC/HVDC Substations, 28,000 MW(Approx) Inter-regional Power Transfer Capacity.

  3. POWERGRID EXPERIENCE IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEM FOR SMART TRANSMISSION • Establishment of Unified Load Despatch & Communication (ULDC) schemes in all Five (5) regions of country • Each project comprises of EMS/SCADA & Associated Communication System based on Fiber Optics/ Digital Microwave/PLCC. • SCADA/EMS Project of Northern Region of India is the World’s Largest of its kind with 33 Control Centers, 369 RTUs & more than 3500 Km wide band communication Network. • National Load Despatch Center (NLDC) established in 2008. Present Hierarchical LD& C System Unified Load NLDC National Despatch & Level Communication Region RLDC 5 Nos. Level State HQ 34 Level SLDC Nos. Group of District Level 51 Nos. SUB LDC Plant/Sub 1322 Nos. Station RTU Level

  4. NLDC: Ensure integrated operation of National Grid RLDC: Ensure integrated operation of Regional Grid 5 SLDC: Ensure integrated operation of State Grid 31 POWER SYSTEM HIERARCHY

  5. ESTABLISHED ULDC SYSTEM Hierarchical system for Load Dispatch were installed between 2000-2005: • NLDC: National Load Dispatch Centre • RLDC: Regional LDC (5 Nos.) • SLDC: State LDC (31 Nos.) • Sub LDC: 51 Nos. • RTU: More than 1200 RTUs reporting • Communication Media • Fibre Optic • Microwave • PLCC • VSAT

  6. ULDC PROJECTS – BENEFITS • Centralised monitoring • Minimized grid disturbance • Quick restorations • Optimized scheduling of generation • Development & Implementation of Effective Grid Code and Operational Standards for Grid Security and Reliable Grid Operation. • Manning of Load Despatch Centers with trained personnel • Facilitation of Availability Based Tariff (ABT) Monitoring.

  7. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENDTED UNDER ULDC PROJECTS From RTU to Control Centre : Mostly PLCC Between Control Centre : Wideband Communication (Mix of Fibre Optic & Digital Microwave) Technology : Mix of PDH & SDH

  8. CONSIDERATION FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENDTED UNDER ULDC PROJECTS • PLCC SYSTEM Main Consideration: • To cater for Low data requirement between RTU and Sub-LDC • Low Cost • System availability in India • Extensive experience on the system Limitations: • Low capacity • Low performance in long connections consisting of several hops • Low frequencies Contd.

  9. CONSIDERATION FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENDTED UNDER ULDC PROJECTS • Digital Microwave System Main Consideration: • For providing communication connectivity between control centres • Independence from power line • Low Cost compared to cable system Limitations: • Suitable frequency assignment (Frequency band between 2.3 GHz to 2.5 GHz allocated to Power Sector. This frequency band has been withdrawn by Ministry of Communication now.) • Line of sight requirement • Susceptible of fading Contd.

  10. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENDTED UNDER ULDC PROJECTS • Fibre Optic System • Mostly OPGW with terminal equipment based on SDH (STM-1, 155mbps bit rate) technology installed • Ready infrastructure • ROW available • Repeater less links distances up to 150km • Centralized NMS

  11. COMPARISION – COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES

  12. WIDEBAND COMMUNICATION UNDER ULDC PROJECTS

  13. WIDEBAND COMMUNICATION UNDER ULDC PROJECTS – CONTD/- POWERGRID established Wideband Communication Network as a part of Unified Load Despatch and Communication (ULDC) Project in all the Regions. Wideband Communication Network comprising of Fiber Optic Communication and Digital microwave Communication System. Fiber Optic Communication System was based primarily on Aerial Cables i.e. OPGW cable and few links on ADSS and Wrap Around Cable technology. Majority of the installations of Aerial Cables was carried out using Live Line Installation Technique.

  14. NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN TRANSMISSION • Use of Flexible AC Transmission system like Series Compensation, TCSC, SVC etc. for increase in power transfer capacity & maintaining critical grid parameters • Wide Area Monitoring (WAMS), PMUs for real time monitoring & visualisation. • Adaptive Islanding, Self Healing • HVDC Transmission • Substation Automation • UHVAC • SPS (Special Protection Scheme)/SIPS (System Integrated Protection Scheme) using PMU data • Remedial Action Schemes (RAS)

  15. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM REQUIREMENT FOR SMART TRANSMISSION • High Bandwidth • High Reliability • High Availability • Security of highest order • Least latency 15

  16. CHALLANGES FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Need for Strong Communication Network in order to handle mass information Communication channel has to support emerging technology – WAMS, PMU Different Networking Environments 16

  17. SMART TRANSMISSION - COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

  18. SMART TRANSMISSION-COMMUNICATION SYSTEM • OPGW • Implementing OPGW based Communication System under various project such as Microwave Replacement Project (MRP), Fibre Optic Expansion Projects (FEP) and other projects • Around 35000kms of OPGW under implementation • Around 65000kms of OPGW network to be implemented to meet the requirement COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT • Communication equipment with minimum bit rate of 622mbps being implemented as part of expansion • Provision for both E1 & Ethernet interface in the OLTE equipment • Both equipment protection as well as path protection

  19. NETWORK FOR FUTURE • OPGW based communication network best suited to meet the communication requirement of Power System • Implementation of ring network wherever feasible • SDH based communication network to meet the communication requirement of new technologies • Provision of both E1 & Ethernet interfaces • Ethernet based backbone with speed ranging from 1 to 10 GBPS

  20. Thank you for your kind attention please

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