Water Treatment Using Activated Carbon

1. Water Treatment Using Activated Carbon Projects Day- Finals 2010Category 1 Experimental Research Lucas Tang (1O1) Brandon Hoong (1O1) Marcus Neo (1O1) Ho Kai Lun(1O1) Finals Round Version (26)

2. Activated Carbon Introduction • Purify different types of water using activated carbon • Test if activated carbon is effective in reducing the amount of bacteria, heavy metals and turbidity in water

3. Mechanisms of Filtration Adsorption • The attractive forces between the carbon surface (non-polar) and the pollutants (non-polar) are stronger than the forces keeping the pollutants dissolved in water (polar). • Adsorption cannot occur unless the pollutants are close to the activated carbon's surface.

4. Purpose To find out how activated carbon will be able to reduce the amount of impurities in both stagnant and flowing water.

5. Hypothesis Activated carbon will reduce the amount of impurities in both flowing and stagnant water.

6. Variables

7. Materials Lead(II) Nitrate Calcium Carbonate Activated Carbon Bacteria (E. Coli) Copper(II) Solution

8. Materials: For set-ups

9. Materials: For set-ups

10. Materials-For Analysis

11. Apparatus for Analysis Atomic Absorption Spectrometer Turbidimeter Colorimeter and Copper Reagent Agar Plates

12. Types Of Water 200 ml H2O+Cu2+ 200ml H2O+Pb2+ 200ml H2O+E .coli 200ml H2O+CaCO3

13. Methodology (stagnant water)

14. Methodology (flowing water)

15. Removal Of Activated Carbon Activated Carbon Filter Funnel Sieve For Cu2+, Pb2+ and Bacteria experiment For CaCO3 experiment

16. Analysis – Lead

17. Analysis – Copper (II) solution

18. Analysis - Turbidity

19. Analysis – Bacteria

20. Results

21. Results

22. Results

23. Results

24. Results

25. Conclusion • Activated carbon is effective in removing pollutants in water. • Heavy metals (lead and copper) in water were reduced by >90% esp. in flowing water condition. • Turbidity from suspended solids (CaCO₃) and bacteria in water were reduced by 23% - 45%.

26. Applications • Activated carbon can be used to remove pollutants in water esp. in remote areas where treated water supply is not available. • The purified water can then be boiled to kill the remaining bacteria before it is used for drinking or cooking. • Activated carbon can be packaged in filter cartridges.

27. References • DoultonUSA 1996-2010 ‘Activated Carbon For Drinking Water Filtration’ March 18 2010 http://doultonusa.com/HTML%20pages/activated_carbon_water_filtration.htm • Robin Walker 2009 ‘Question Mark’ http://www.askrobinwalker.com/files/2127328/uploaded/question_mark_3d.png March 18 2010 • Wikimedia 2009 ‘Activated Carbon’ http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Activated_Carbon.jpg March 18 2010 • Michael Crowley ‘Hypothesis’ www.getreligion.org/%3Fp%3D1873 March 26, 2010 • Wikipedia ‘Activated Carbon’ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activated_carbon March 30, 2010

28. References • Article Alley ‘Activated Carbon Adsorption and How it Works’ http://www.articlealley.com/article_1325858_15.html January 05, 2010 • Envco-Environmental Equipment ‘MiniRAE 3000 Photoionization Detector’ http://www.envcoglobal.com/catalog/product/handheld-voc-detectors/minirae-3000-photoionization-detector.html April 2, 2010 • MediaWave Communications Corp. ‘Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) and Carbon Block Filters’ http://www.home-water-purifiers-and-filters.com/carbon-water-filter.php April 2, 2010 • Flikr ‘Copper(II) solution’ http://www.flickr.com/pho tos/37388341@ N 00/1508185178/, October 7 2007 • Chemistry comes alive Reactions in aqeous solutions ‘Lead(II) nitrate’ http://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/jcesoft/cca/CCA4/STILLS64/PBNO/PBNONACL/1.JPG, 2000

29. Any Questions Finals Round Version (26)

30. Thank You We hope you enjoyed our presentation! Finals Round Version (26)