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School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT

School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT. Supply of geoscientists to the oil & gas industry from UK HE sector Roger Clark MSc Exploration Geophysics Programme Manager With contributions from Phil Murphy Schools & Colleges Liason: Geology & Geophysics Admissions Tutor

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School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT

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  1. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Supply of geoscientists to the oil & gas industry from UK HE sector Roger Clark MSc Exploration Geophysics Programme Manager With contributions from Phil Murphy Schools & Colleges Liason: Geology & Geophysics Admissions Tutor School of Earth & Environment, University of Leeds

  2. Views expressed herein are those of the lead author alone and not necessarily those of the author’s affiliation & institute School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT jobs in oil & gas industry? HE - MSc level? HE - BSc level? Schools and supply to HE? Seismic line being shot across the (former) Selby coalfield and gypsum deposits for Leeds’ MSc Exploration Geophysics 2010-11 class

  3. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools School provision? Geoscience incl. hydrocarbons, resource exploration remains in science syllabus to GCSE, and some A-Level and IB options - c. 5% of curriculum . GCSE & A-Level geology still extant: buoyant where taught but localised e.g FE colleges: A-Level up to 50% of BSc intake Standard of teaching vastly improved by ESTU Keele (UKOOA-funded)

  4. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools School provision? cryosphere, climate change, environment impact too (e.g. Exxon Valdez case study) now: oil & gas sector seen as harmful and a twilight industry … . ‘geoscience’ not understood - geology & geophysics is (it’s on TV), but perceived as low pay relative to medicine/business. . recruitment experience is ‘earthquakes & volcanoes’ remains driver for BSc choice: options ‘fixed in’ by time of GCSE options

  5. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools School provision? Feedback: workload in making university choice and ‘information mining’ is already resented by some . Gap year as a positive choice has gone: looking to universities to provide that range of experience . 209,000 spill-over from 2010 entry http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11765127

  6. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision? Overall, geoscience BScs currently moderately buoyant: none shutting (but none starting) . UK intake to geophysics still fragile and erratic: ‘mathematics vs. media studies’ effect remains. International intake still keeps some courses viable . Applications up around 30% for 2011 in common with widespread recession- and fee-driven dash for places

  7. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision? 45% having to work in vacation or term-time of final year . 30% having to work in vacation and term-time of final year . 65% give reason for working as “finding essential funding” http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11515828(but my emphases) Exit debt typically £15-20k

  8. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - funding? • sector-average 1/3 each. • research, QR higher in Russell Group • teaching higher in 1994 Group research funding base-level “QR” govt. funding teaching income

  9. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - funding? research funding no NERC (govt.) contribution to oil & gas geoscience topics? base-level “QR” govt. funding unchanged in STEM subjects  teaching income DON’T KNOW!

  10. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - funding? Sector-average cost ≈£7k pa per student, higher in (geo)sciences currently government student ≈£4k from HEFCE, capped via recruitment quota ≈£3k from student 2012 entry onward gov’t student ≈£6-9k from student HEFCE cut by £2.9billion: consequent allocation and policy still unknown

  11. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - funding? This is the much publicised “40% cut” “the UK will drop spending in HE from 1% to 0.7% of GDP - the only nation in the developed world to cut. The US has increased it from 2% to 3% ….” see also http://www.economist.com/node/17420066?story_id=17420066 Sector-average cost ≈£7k pa per student, higher in (geo)sciences currently government student ≈£4k from HEFCE, capped via recruitment quota ≈£3k from student 2012 entry onward They even cut the “F” from the name gov’t student ≈£6-9k from student HEFCE cut by £2.9billion: consequent allocation and policy still unknown

  12. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - funding? http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11686883 “Browne review made it quite clear that it would take a fee of at least £7,000 for universities just to "maintain investment at current levels", assuming that government funding would be cut…. Spending Review … effectively remov(ed) funding for teaching in most subjects”

  13. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - the future? • Universities have a ‘blank page’ to redesign BScs • More, fewer, or even NO, BSc-level students? • Significant shift upward in minimum entrance criteria? • Radical changes to UK/EU-to-international balance? • “general focus on skills, employability, and student experience metrics” • Abandon state involvement - “go private”?

  14. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - the future? • http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11785053 • Questions tabled by opposition • details of access agreements, (to) which universities will have to commit … if they are to charge the highest level of … fees • What is meant … only charge £9,000 in "exceptional circumstances" • provision … to help equip and recruit students from poorer backgrounds • Whether … the government plans to limit student numbers • plans to allow private institutions to offer degrees • plans for a National Scholarship Scheme • The estimated cost to the taxpayer of its plans, given that independent analysts have said the government has been over-optimistic in its assumption

  15. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - the future? Support for living costs to be cut also

  16. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools A large pile of … manure jobs MSc., PhD 3- and 4- year undergraduate degrees How deep in the …. might we be!? & what’s needed to dig us out!?

  17. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools BSc provision - the future? http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11483638 Consequent debt on 3-year degree? “At £6000 … approximately £30,000 At £9000 … approximately £38,000” Repayment at 0-3% interest, starting at £18,500pa

  18. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools beyond BSc - where most of you recruit from? Sliding scales mean most graduate employees in oil & gas sector will be repaying in full at highest interest rates Data from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-11483638, RAC’s own inference 4-year degrees increase projected debt further, potential huge impact on progression to PhD and first-degree-entry jobs in e.g contractors No position in Browne or CSR on Master’s funding (news at Christmas?)

  19. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools MSc provision? Overall moderately buoyant: none now shutting, some (re)started where staffing allows (remain very staff-intensive), demand exceeds supply c.400 places overall (inc. Pet.Eng.), c.250 in geology & geophysics (c.50% international) UK intake to geophysics fragile: lack of numerate geologists, recruit from outside geoscience. OS intake keeps most courses viable

  20. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools MSc provision? UK/EU fee structure? currently ≈£4k minimum, amount set by HEFCE, paid by NERC or student ≈£3k from HEFCE, no cap via recruitment quota Top-up fee set by course & institution: varies between £0-4K across geoscience MScs Fee ‘seen’ by student or sponsor £4-8k

  21. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools MSc provision? Geophysics: Leeds ongoing & growing, IC restarted & back to ‘full strength’, small course started at Edinburgh > about 80 10% NERC 30% industry 10% self-funding 50% overseas (self or institutional funded) Figures necessarily approximate - vary year-to-year, course to-course … Equal balance between NERC-industry-self across whole geoscience sector? 80 20 2005 2010

  22. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools future MSc provision? NERC: 10-15% real-term cut over 5 years. Likely to drop all Master’s funding from 2011 despite small % of its expenditure & disproportionately high return to UKplc 10% NERC 30% industry 10% self-funding 50% overseas (self or institutional funded) All this cohort will have large debts at entry: may be prohibitive for self-funding New government rules on visas already having effect: unclear if it will improve, likely to worsen

  23. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools future MSc provision? Universities have ‘blank page’ to reconsider priorities: may retract from such staff-intensive programmes unless they were economic: fees could go up or down 10% NERC 30% industry 10% self-funding 50% overseas (self or institutional funded) “UCAS” for Master’s (“PTES”) to show great detail about student experience Additional take-up from industry? Even in O&G sector many employers are SMEs

  24. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools future MSc provision? • Creative thinking by Masters providers …. • more bursaries … • individual and consortium support … • integrate MSc modules with commercial CPD … • pre-session summer school with credit value … • restructured timetables to accommodate part-time … • international recruitment and ‘moving the brand’ overseas …

  25. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools future MSc provision? Industry must act NOW to lobby government re. NERC, fee structure, visas….. universities have and are (e.g. via CBI) but more is needed • Broader industry involvement in Masters • advisory panels … • individual and generic consortium support … • integrate MSc in new-hire training … • MSc level Foundation Degree & apprenticeships … • pre-MSc internships … • funded summer project placements …

  26. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools Into jobs? • Recruitment - earlier (by c.3-4 months), impacting on teaching • Visa quotas for hire of non UK/EU: credibility of UK MScs for (necessary) OS intake • Assistance with accrued debt?

  27. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT The forestry helmet I should have been wearing …ooops Onwards from MSc MSc provision BSc to MSc BSc provision Schools So hopefully, we won’t step backwards in teaching provision …

  28. Views expressed herein are those of the lead author alone and not necessarily those of the author’s affiliation & institute School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT summary? Schools: NOW geoscience-aware but potentially oil-industry-hostile? BSc: IN 2015 possibly better-qualified, probably ample numbers, definitely heavily in debt MSc: NOW funding sources reducing. IN 2016 possibly ample numbers including international cohorts, definitely very heavily in debt - overall very uncertain

  29. School of Earth and Environment FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENT Thanks for listening Any questions? r.clark@see.leeds.ac.uk 0113-343-5221

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