Italia: il bel paese

2. Italia: il bel paese

3. 1. A Brief History

4. Prehistory • Remains of Neolithic, Bronze Age, and Iron Age cultures • Nomadic Tribes move south across the Alps: Celts, Veneti • Hunters seeking game and fish • Farmers seeking fertile land

5. Early History • Greeks: Sicily and Southern Italy (800 BC) • Etruscans: Tuscany, the Po River Valley and south to the Tiber River (800 BC) Agrigento Etruscan Tomb

6. Legend of the founding of Rome: Romulus and Remus

7. The Roman Empire Rise and expansion of the Empire Roman world domination begins (172 BC) Greatest extent of the Empire (117 AD)

9. Map of Ancient Italy

10. Constantine moves the capital to Constantinople, Turkey in 330 AD

11. Decline and Fall of Rome • Invasions by the Goths & Vandals (400’sAD) • Conquest of Italy by the Lombards (568 AD)

12. The glory that was Rome…

13. Barbarian Kingdoms

14. The Dark Ages • The Holy Roman Empire • Pepin, King of the Franks, defeats the Lombards in northern Italy (754 AD) and gives land to the Pope (The Papal States of central Italy)

15. Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor (800 AD)

16. Breakup of the Holy Roman Empire • In 843 AD, after Charlemagne’s death, the Empire was partitioned among his sons.

17. MAP OF SICILY - MAPPA SICILIA ( torna alle mappe siciliane) clicca qui per aprire la mappa in una finestra separata GUIDA VERDE MICHELIN SULLA SICILIA. Acquistala on line:•in italiano •in inglese • Muslims invade Sicily and southern Italy aggiungi un sito | aggiungi email | aggiungi ICQ | inserisci messaggio nel forum | inserisci messaggio nel mercatinosegnala un evento | inserisci un articolo nel magazine | gli ultimi inserimenti | le ultime ricerche effettuateaggiungi l'IRS al tuo sito | aggiungi il MAGAZINE al tuo sito | aggiungi gli EVENTI al tuo sitoiscriviti alla mailing list info@sicilyweb.com | GUESTBOOK Realizzazione: Studio Scivoletto

18. The Middle Ages • Rule by Germans or Austrians in north • Rule by Normans or Spanish in south • Rise of Feudalism

19. The Middle Ages: Rise of the Roman Catholic Church Rome converted and absorbed the waves of northern barbarians who came over the Alps Latin remained the common language of educated people in the West and of the Church

20. Rise of the Italian City-States • Control by wealthy families: • Florence the Medici • Ferrara the Este • Mantua the Gonzaga • Milan the Sforza and the Visconti • Rimini the Malatesta • Venice: wealthy families elected Doges

21. Firenze and the Medici Panorama of Firenze

22. The Gonzaga family in Mantua La Piazza: Mantova

23. The Sforza family in Milan Castello Sforzesco

24. Wealthy families of Venice elected the Doge The Doge’s Palace

25. Europe: 1378

26. The Renaissance: 1400-1600 • Rebirth of all the arts and culture begins in the City-States of Italy • Wealthy bankers and merchants support artists, architects, intellectuals, etc. • Italian ideals set enduring standards for art in the Western world, influenced writers & architects, and encouraged intellectual pursuits

27. Renaissance Cities

28. Rebirth of the Arts

29. Michelangelo Buonarroti La Pieta Moses

30. Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisa The Last Supper

31. The end of the Renaissance • Political stress: • France and Spain’s rivalry over Italy • City-states passed among various European rulers through war, marriage, treaty, death • The Papacy held on to the Papal States • Spain the chief power in Italy: 1559-1713 • House of Savoy rules Piedmont & Sardinia

32. Italy: 1494 Rivalry of Spain and France over territories in Italy By 1544: Spain ruled Sicily, Naples & Milan

33. Europe: 1500

34. 1600-1815 • Italy remains split into a dozen separate states while European nations are forming • The feudal system lingers on in the south Europe 1648

35. Napoleon conquers Italy in the 1790’s • After his defeat in 1815, most Italian states go back to their former rulers: • Lombardy-Venetia to Austria • Naples and Sicily to Spain

36. Napoleonic expansion

37. 1815: Italy after Napoleon

38. The Risorgimento Hatred of foreign rule increases Liberation movement begun by Giuseppe Mazzini in Piedmont with the support of Charles Albert, king of Sardinia-Piedmont (House of Savoy) Scattered revolts in 1848 were unsuccessful Giuseppe Mazzini

39. Expansion begins • Under King Victor Emanuel I, son of Charles Albert, Count Camillo Cavour, the prime minister, made a treaty with France against Austria. Count Camillo Cavour

40. 1859: Austria defeated • Italy gained Lombardy, but Austria kept Venetia

41. Expansion continues • 1859: Plebiscites held in Tuscany, Modena, Parma and Emilia. They voted to join Sardinia-Piedmont. • Napoleon III consented, but only after Nice and Savoy voted to join France.

42. General Garibaldi drives out the Bourbons from Sicily and Naples General Giuseppe Garibaldi

43. Unification of Italy • 1861: Victor Emanuel II crowned King of Italy • 1866: Venetia regained from Austria

44. 1870: Papal States captured • The French army was assigned to protect the Papal States, but was called to join the fighting in the Prussian War. • The Italian army took the opportunity to capture the Papal States, thus adding central Italy to the union.

45. Steps to Unification

46. Constitutional Monarchy: 1870 - 1922 • Birth of modern Italy • Heavy taxation to pay war debts • Parliamentary government new and strange to many Italians • Economic growth supported the changes

47. The House of Savoy • King Umberto I, son of Victor Emanuel II, was assassinated • Victor Emanuel III becomes King

48. World War I • 1915: Italy rejected its standing alliances with Austria, Germany, and Hungary when Austria invaded Serbia. It joined the Allies (England, France, and Russia) • At the end of the war, the last two regions were joined to Italy: Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

50. The 20 Regions of Italy